SynthesisFrontiers in pediatrics2024
Clown care in the clinical nursing of children: a meta-analysis and systematic review.
Synthesis in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect of Comedy Movies Watched During Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TUR-P) on Vital Signs and Postoperative Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain · 2026Trial
- Clowning in care: long-term effectiveness of clown visits on residents' affect, resilience, sleep quality and functionality.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Virtual reality as a distraction technique in pediatric patients undergoing orthopedic procedures: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Journal of children's orthopaedics · 2026Review
- Achieving surprise and play in unexpected places: clowns as artistic resources in oncology and palliative care.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Efficacy comparison of clown care therapy versus virtual reality distraction on venipuncture-induced anxiety in preschool children: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Short-term effects of clown visits in child and adolescent psychiatric care: a pilot study on patient stress and mood outcomes and staff evaluations.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Children treated in hospitals often experience high levels of anxiety and pain. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to analyze the effect of clown care in clinical nursing on children and to provide ideas for improving the clinical nursing care provided to children. Methods: Two authors searched PubMed, Embase, Clinical trials, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Weipu, and Wanfang databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to clown care for children until 15 September 2023. The quality assessment of the included RCTs and the data extraction were performed by two researchers, and meta-analysis was carried out using RevMan5.4. Results: A total of 15 RCTs involving 2,252 children were finally included in this meta-analysis. The findings from this meta-analysis revealed that clown care was beneficial in reducing the pain [SMD = -0.96, 95% CI (-1.76, 0.16)], anxiety [SMD = -0.81, 95% CI (-1.16, -0.46)], and crying time [SMD = -1.09, 95% CI (-1.74, -0.44)] of children and the anxiety level of caregivers [SMD = -0.99, 95% CI (-1.95, -0.03)] (all Conclusions: Clown care is helpful in reducing the pain, anxiety, and crying time of children and the anxiety level of caregivers. However, additional high-quality studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to further analyze the role of clown care in clinical practice.
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