ArticleJournal of the American Chemical Society2024
From Gel to Crystal: Mechanism of HfO
Article in Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Contrast-enhanced micro-computed tomography visualization of adhesively bonded CFRP/aluminum tubular joints.Nanoscale advances · 2026Article
- From Solution to Surface: How the Catalytic Environment Modulates Peptide Bond Cleavage by Metal-Oxo Cluster Nanozymes.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- In Situ Visualization of Electron Beam-Driven High-Entropy Alloy Crystallization.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Ligand Electronic Properties Dictate Composition of Ni-Based Nanocrystals.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- Prospects of Nanoscience with Nanocrystals: 2025 Edition.ACS nano · 2025Review
- Crystallization of 2D TiONano letters · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nonaqueous sol-gel syntheses have been used to make many types of metal oxide nanocrystals. According to the current paradigm, nonaqueous syntheses have slow kinetics, thus favoring the thermodynamic (crystalline) product. Here we investigate the synthesis of hafnium (and zirconium) oxide nanocrystals from the metal chloride in benzyl alcohol. We follow the transition from precursor to nanocrystal through a combination of rheology, EXAFS, NMR, TEM, and X-ray total scattering (PDF analysis). Upon dissolving the metal chloride precursor, the exchange of chloride ligands for benzylalkoxide liberates HCl. The latter catalyzes the etherification of benzyl alcohol, eliminating water. During the temperature ramp to the reaction temperature (220 °C), sufficient water is produced to turn the reaction mixture into a macroscopic gel. Rheological analysis shows a network consisting of strong interactions with temperature-dependent restructuring. After a few minutes at the reaction temperature, crystalline particles emerge from the gel, and nucleation and growth are complete after 30 min. In contrast, 4 h are required to obtain the highest isolated yield, which we attribute to the slow
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.