ArticleCureus2024
Acute Non-infectious Cystitis Secondary to Immune-Related Adverse Events in a Patient Receiving Pembrolizumab for Treatment of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Report.
Article in Cureus, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sintilimab‑related cystitis/ureteritis in high‑grade endometrial stromal sarcoma: A case report and structured literature review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Article
- Non-bacterial cystitis following treatment with toripalimab for alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric adenocarcinoma: a case report.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor-related cystitis: clinical features, diagnostic exclusion, and outcomes in one definite and seven probable cases with an updated literature review.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune-related adverse events (IrAEs) involving the bladder are seldom reported and tend to be overlooked by oncologists. Cystitis caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is rarely reported, with only four documented instances in the literature, of which just one case is attributed to pembrolizumab. We present a rare occurrence of pembrolizumab-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in a 71-year-old male with stage II-b lung adenocarcinoma with an chronic indwelling Foley catheter. He presented with persistent hematuria despite the completion of a course of antibiotics for a urinary infection; a cystoscopic examination was also normal. Drug-induced cystitis was suspected and the patient was treated with prednisone as well as temporary discontinuation of pembrolizumab, which was followed by an improvement of symptoms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.