ArticleScientific reports2024
Monte Carlo simulation of the effect of melanin concentration on light-tissue interactions in transmittance and reflectance finger photoplethysmography.
Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative assessment of healthy tissue oxygenation using near-infrared imaging, transcutaneous oxygen measurement, and plethysmography.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Development and validation of a digital biomarker for peripheral artery disease.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Modelling Skin Pigmentation Using the Monte Carlo Technique: A Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Fibricheck detection capabilities for atrial fibrillation (FDA-AF): a multicenter validation study.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Quantitative analysis of tissue oxygenation variability across anatomical landmarks in healthy individuals via near-infrared spectroscopy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Effect of skin color and other skin properties on the delivered light dose in phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.Biophotonics discovery · 2025Article
- Biostrap Kairos Wristband Versus Electrocardiography for Resting Heart Rate Variability Assessment.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Analysis of the Effect of Skin Pigmentation and Oxygen Saturation on Monte Carlo-Simulated Reflectance Photoplethysmography Signals.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Non-Intrusive Monitoring of Vital Signs in the Lower Limbs Using Optical Sensors.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- AI‑Enhanced Smartwatch AHI Estimation and AI‑Scored Polysomnography for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Real‑World Validation.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
- Source-Detector Geometry Analysis of Reflective PPG by Measurements and Simulations.IEEE open journal of engineering in medicine and biology · 2025Article
- Monte Carlo simulation of the effect of melanin concentration on light-tissue interactions for transmittance pulse oximetry measurement.Journal of biomedical optics · 2024Article
- Optimization of photobiomodulation therapy for spinal cord injury: A review.Photochemistry and photobiologyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Photoplethysmography (PPG) uses light to detect volumetric changes in blood, and is integrated into many healthcare devices to monitor various physiological measurements. However, an unresolved limitation of PPG is the effect of skin pigmentation on the signal and its impact on PPG based applications such as pulse oximetry. Hence, an in-silico model of the human finger was developed using the Monte Carlo (MC) technique to simulate light interactions with different melanin concentrations in a human finger, as it is the primary determinant of skin pigmentation. The AC/DC ratio in reflectance PPG mode was evaluated at source-detector separations of 1 mm and 3 mm as the convergence rate (Q), a parameter that quantifies the accuracy of the simulation, exceeded a threshold of 0.001. At a source-detector separation of 3 mm, the AC/DC ratio of light skin was 0.472 times more than moderate skin and 6.39 than dark skin at 660 nm, and 0.114 and 0.141 respectively at 940 nm. These findings are significant for the development of PPG-based sensors given the ongoing concerns regarding the impact of skin pigmentation on healthcare devices.
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