Observational studyJournal of diabetes2024
Pedal medial arterial calcification in diabetic foot ulcers: A significant risk factor of amputation and mortality.
Observational study in Journal of diabetes, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Quantification of arterial calcification in peripheral artery disease and its association with amputation and/or mortality: A systematic review.Vascular medicine (London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Incidence and Risk Factors of Stump Complications Following Amputation in Patients With Diabetes: A Retrospective Analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample.World journal of surgery · 2026Article
- Review
- Interpretable machine learning for predicting major amputation risk in hospitalized diabetic foot ulcer patients: a single-center study with temporal external validation.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Ultrasound-guided continuous parasacral ischial plane block for diabetic foot ulcer healing: study protocol for a single-centre, prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoint controlled trial.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Mortality predictors and survival nomogram for hospitalized diabetic foot patients: a decade-long cohort.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Peripheral artery disease in diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Commentary on "Pedal Medial Arterial Calcification in Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Significant Risk Factor of Amputation and Mortality".Journal of diabetes · 2025Article
- Response to Commentary on "Pedal Medial Arterial Calcification in Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Significant Risk Factor of Amputation and Mortality".Journal of diabetes · 2025Article
- Pedal medial arterial calcification in diabetic foot ulcers: A significant risk factor of amputation and mortality.Journal of diabetes · 2024Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimsPedal medial arterial calcification (MAC) is frequently observed in individuals with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). However, the impact of pedal MAC on individuals with DFUs remains uncertain. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the association between pedal MAC with amputation and mortality outcomes.
methodsA prospective, observational cohort study was conducted at West China Hospital from January 2012 to December 2021. Logistic regression analyses, Kaplan-Meier survival method, and Cox proportional hazards models were employed to evaluate the relationship between pedal MAC and amputation as well as mortality.
resultsA total of 979 patients were enrolled in the study. Peripheral artery disease (PAD) was observed in 53% of patients with DFUs, and pedal MAC was found in 8%. Over a median follow-up of 46 (23-72) months, foot amputation was performed on 190 patients, and mortality occurred in 246 patients. Pedal MAC showed a significant association with amputation both in unadjusted analysis (odds ratio [OR] = 2.98, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.86-4.76, p < .001) and after adjusting sex, age, albumin levels, hemoglobin levels, and diabetic retinopathy status (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.33-3.93, p = .003). The risk of amputation was found to be twofold higher in individuals with PAD and pedal MAC compared to those with PAD alone (OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.10-3.82, p = .024). Furthermore, the presence of pedal MAC was significantly associated with an increased risk of mortality (p = .005), particularly among individuals with DFUs but without PAD (HR 4.26, 95% CI 1.90-9.52, p < .001), rather than in individuals presenting with both DFUs and PAD.
conclusionThe presence of pedal MAC is significantly associated with both amputation and mortality in individuals with DFUs. Moreover, pedal MAC could provide additional value to predict amputation other than PAD.
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