ReviewMolecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy2024
Decoding and overcoming T cell exhaustion: Epigenetic and transcriptional dynamics in CAR-T cells against solid tumors.
Review in Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- The LXRβ/NF-κB axis reprograms CAR-T cells to resist exhaustion in the tumor microenvironment.Oncoimmunology · 2026Article
- Review
- Recent advances in molecular mechanisms to improve the efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy for viral diseases, cancer, and autoimmune diseases.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
- Refuel and endure: improving metabolic fitness and efficacy in CAR-T therapy.Immuno-oncology technology · 2026Article
- The multifaceted landscape of T cell exhaustion in organ transplantation: From molecular mechanisms (epigenetics, transcription, metabolism) to induction strategies.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- Implications of Rho GTPase signaling in cancer immunotherapy.Biochemical Society transactions · 2026Review
- Article
- Guardians of T-Cell CaCells · 2026Review
- The impact of T cell exhaustion in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
- Advances and clinical potential of epigenome editing.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Review
- Enhancing antitumor immunity in triple-negative breast cancer through reversal of T-cell exhaustion using a CD8-targeted and membrane-camouflaged nanocarrier delivering small interfering RNA against sorting Nexin 9.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- T Cell Exhaustion in Cancer Immunotherapy: Heterogeneity, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Opportunities.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Targeting the immunological synapse in multiple myeloma.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Progress in cell-based immunotherapies for solid tumors.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Targeting epigenetic regulators to boost T cell immunotherapy against cancer.Cell & bioscience · 2026Review
- Targeting macrophage-derived SPP1 enhances CD8 T cell infiltration via ROS-DNA fragment/cGAS-STING/STAT1-mediated CXCL9/10 in tumor microenvironment.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- New insight into the risk stratification and treatment priority of breast cancer: TMT scoring system.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2026Article
- The Nanoparticle Delivery Gap in Immune Cell Engineering: From Uptake to Endosomal Escape.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Targeting CAR-T cell exhaustion in non-Hodgkin lymphoma: mechanistic insights and emerging clinical strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Mapping Current Research Status and Emerging Frontiers of T-Cell Exhaustion: A Comprehensive Data-Mining-Based Study.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
T cell exhaustion, which is observed in various chronic infections and malignancies, is characterized by elevated expression of multiple inhibitory receptors, impaired effector functions, decreased proliferation, and reduced cytokine production. Notably, while adoptive T cell therapies, such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T therapy, have shown promise in treating cancer and other diseases, the efficacy of these therapies is often compromised by T cell exhaustion. It is imperative, therefore, to understand the mechanisms underlying this exhaustion to promote advances in T cell-related therapies. Here, we divided exhausted T cells into three distinct subsets according to their developmental and functional profiles: stem-like progenitor cells, intermediately exhausted cells, and terminally exhausted cells. These subsets are carefully regulated by synergistic mechanisms that involve transcriptional and epigenetic modulators. Key transcription factors, such as TCF1, BACH2, and TOX, are crucial for defining and sustaining exhaustion phenotypes. Concurrently, epigenetic regulators, such as TET2 and DNMT3A, shape the chromatin dynamics that direct T cell fate. The interplay of these molecular drivers has recently been highlighted in CAR-T research, revealing promising therapeutic directions. Thus, a profound understanding of exhausted T cell hierarchies and their molecular complexities may reveal innovative and improved tumor treatment strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.