ArticleBMC genomics2024
Transcriptomic analysis of Anopheles gambiae from Benin reveals overexpression of salivary and cuticular proteins associated with cross-resistance to pyrethroids and organophosphates.
Article in BMC genomics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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9 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transcriptomic signatures of high‑intensity pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles gambiae from a Cameroonian agricultural hotspot.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Spatial Heterogeneity ofJournal of parasitology research · 2026Review
- Distinct Genetic Footprint of Adaptation Observed WithinResearch and reports in tropical medicine · 2026Article
- Insecticide resistance and malaria transmission indicators in Anopheles gambiae s.l. in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso: implications for vector control strategies.Tropical medicine and health · 2025Article
- Impact of Omics Studies on Understanding Insecticide Resistance Mechanisms in Sub-Saharan Malaria Vectors: A Systematic Review.Journal of arthropod-borne diseases · 2025Review
- Comparative transcriptomics reveals different profiles between diflubenzuron-resistant and -susceptible phenotypes of the mosquito Culex pipiens.Pest management science · 2025Article
- A Leg Cuticle Protein Enhances the Resistance ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Omics Approaches in Understanding Insecticide Resistance in Mosquito Vectors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Key gene modules and hub genes associated with pyrethroid and organophosphate resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes: a systems biology approach.BMC genomics · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInsecticide resistance (IR) is one of the major threats to malaria vector control programs in endemic countries. However, the mechanisms underlying IR are poorly understood. Thus, investigating gene expression patterns related to IR can offer important insights into the molecular basis of IR in mosquitoes. In this study, RNA-Seq was used to characterize gene expression in Anopheles gambiae surviving exposure to pyrethroids (deltamethrin, alphacypermethrin) and an organophosphate (pirimiphos-methyl).
resultsLarvae of An. gambiae s.s. collected from Bassila and Djougou in Benin were reared to adulthood and phenotyped for IR using a modified CDC intensity bottle bioassay. The results showed that mosquitoes from Djougou were more resistant to pyrethroids (5X deltamethrin: 51.7% mortality; 2X alphacypermethrin: 47.4%) than Bassila (1X deltamethrin: 70.7%; 1X alphacypermethrin: 77.7%), while the latter were more resistant to pirimiphos-methyl (1.5X: 48.3% in Bassila and 1X: 21.5% in Djougou). RNA-seq was then conducted on resistant mosquitoes, non-exposed mosquitoes from the same locations and the laboratory-susceptible An. gambiae s.s. Kisumu strain. The results showed overexpression of detoxification genes, including cytochrome P450s (CYP12F2, CYP12F3, CYP4H15, CYP4H17, CYP6Z3, CYP9K1, CYP4G16, and CYP4D17), carboxylesterase genes (COEJHE5E, COE22933) and glutathione S-transferases (GSTE2 and GSTMS3) in all three resistant mosquito groups analyzed. Genes encoding cuticular proteins (CPR130, CPR10, CPR15, CPR16, CPR127, CPAP3-C, CPAP3-B, and CPR76) were also overexpressed in all the resistant groups, indicating their potential role in cross resistance in An. gambiae. Salivary gland protein genes related to 'salivary cysteine-rich peptide' and 'salivary secreted mucin 3' were also over-expressed and shared across all resistant groups.
conclusionOur results suggest that in addition to metabolic enzymes, cuticular and salivary gland proteins could play an important role in cross-resistance to multiple classes of insecticides in Benin. These genes warrant further investigation to validate their functional role in An. gambiae resistance to insecticides.
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