ArticleOphthalmology and therapy2024
An Appraisal of the Preventive Effect of Statins on the Development of Graves' Ophthalmopathy: A Hospital-Based Cohort Study.
Article in Ophthalmology and therapy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bayesian network analysis of drug treatment strategies for thyroid associated ophthalmopathy.International ophthalmology · 2024Pooled it
- Modulation of gut microbiota in Graves' orbitopathy: Prevotella dominance and atorvastatin's impact.Microbiome · 2025Article
- Comparison of the 2021 EUGOGO guidelines and the 2022 ATA/ETA consensus statement for the management of Graves' orbitopathy.European thyroid journal · 2025Review
- Review
- Review
- Statins and Thyroid Eye Disease: A Propensity Score-Matched Retrospective Cohort Analysis.Cureus · 2025Article
- An L-type calcium channel blocker nimodipine exerts anti-fibrotic effects by attenuating TGF-β1 induced calcium response in an in vitro model of thyroid eye disease.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2024Article
- Novel Insights into Causal Effects of Lipid and Lipid-Lowering Targets with Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionGraves' ophthalmopathy (GO) is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder observed in a substantial proportion of patients with Graves' disease (GD), with debilitating symptoms of disfiguring, periorbital pain, dry eyes, diplopia, and even visual disturbances. Previous studies involving Western populations have noted discrepancies in risk factors for GO. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the risk factors for GO development and the protective effect of statins in newly diagnosed patients with GD in Taiwan.
methodsThis retrospective case-control study was based on a tertiary center cohort involving patients with GD diagnosed between 2010 and 2019 at the National Taiwan University Hospital (n = 11,035). Patients who were diagnosed or treated elsewhere, had been followed up for less than 6 months or were with a diagnosis of orbital tumor were excluded. Overall, 3578 patients with GD met the inclusion criteria. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to ascertain the odds ratio (OR) of developing GO, with adjustment for sociodemographic factors, interventions for managing GD and thyroid hormone levels, to determine protective and risk factors for GO.
resultsIn our multivariate model, the use of statins reduced the risk of GO development (OR 0.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.08-0.50; p < 0.001). Thyroid dysfunction including hyperthyroidism (OR 4.2; 95% CI 2.97-5.88; p < 0.001) and hypothyroidism (OR 4.7; 95% CI 3.02-7.19; p < 0.001) was associated with an increased risk of developing GO. Smoking status and lipid profile were not risk factors in our cohort.
conclusionIn newly diagnosed patients with GD, the use of statins decreased the risk of developing GO by 80%, whereas serum lipid levels were not considered risk factors. Further nationwide population-based studies may help clarify the differences in risk factors between various ethnic groups. TRAIL REGISTRATION: This trial was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of National Taiwan University Hospital (202202066RINC), retrospectively registered from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019.
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