ArticleThe European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care2025
The performance of the EQ-HWB-S as a measure of quality-of-life of caregivers in families that have experienced adverse events.
Article in The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Psychometric Performance of Generic Preference-Based Measures in Informal Carers: A Systematic Review of Validation Studies.PharmacoEconomics · 2025Pooled it
- Validation of the EQ-HWB-9 in a mental health sample and an investigation of modifications to items.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2026Trial
- The Effectiveness and Exploratory Cost-Effectiveness of Regular Meditation for Improving Quality of Life: Protocol for a Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Qualitative testing of potential modifications to the EQ-HWB-9 in the United Kingdom.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2026Article
- Assessing the dimensionality of the EQ-HWB-25 alongside EQ-5D-5L, QOL-ACC and ASCOT in an older adult population.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Validation of EQ-HWB-9 among Chinese college students based on a nationwide survey.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2026Article
- Exploring relative health spillover effects within the context of dementia using the EQ-HWB-9.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2026Article
- Examining the face validity of the EQ-HWB-9 in dementia: caregiver interpretation across "Today" and "7-Day" recall periods.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2026Article
- EQ Health and Wellbeing EQ-HWB: A Psychometric Assessment Across 6 Conditions and the General Population in the United Kingdom.Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research · 2025Article
- The psychometric performance of the EQ-HWB-9 for measuring health and wellbeing in a general population sample from Australia and New Zealand.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Article
- Toward a comprehensive research agenda: exploring the health economics of palliative care in Australia.BMC palliative care · 2025Article
- EQ-5D-5L or EQ-HWB-S: Which is the Better Instrument for Capturing Spillover Effects in Parental Carers of Children with COVID-19?PharmacoEconomics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe recently developed EQ Health and Wellbeing Instrument (EQ-HWB) is a broad, generic measure of quality-of-life designed to be suitable for caregivers. The aim of this study was to investigate performance and validity of the 9-item version (EQ-HWB-S) for caregivers where families had experienced adverse-life-events.
methodsUsing survey data from caregivers of children aged 0-8 years attending a community-health centre in 2021-2022, the general performance, feasibility, convergent and known-group validity, responsiveness-to-change, and test-retest reliability of the EQ-HWB-S was assessed. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted with survey respondents to assess acceptability and content validity.
resultsThe sample included 234 caregivers at baseline (81% female, mean age 36-years, 38% Australian-born) and 190 at 6-months follow-up. Most EQ-HWB-S item responses were evenly spread, except for 'Mobility'. The instrument showed good convergent validity with psychological distress (Kessler 6 (K6)) and personal-wellbeing (PWI-A) scales. EQ-HWB-S level sum-scores and preference-weighted scores were significantly different in all known-group analyses, in expected directions, and the instrument was responsive to change. For test-retest reliability, Intraclass Correlation Coefficients were excellent and individual item Kappa scores were moderate. The instrument was well received by interviewees who found the questions clear and relevant. The items were appropriate for parents experiencing adversity and carers of children with additional needs.
conclusionThe EQ-HWB-S appeared valid, responsive to change, feasible, and well accepted by caregivers. By demonstrating the validity of the EQ-HWB-S in this hard-to-reach population of caregivers in families experiencing adverse events, this study adds to existing international evidence supporting its use.
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