ArticleBMC public health2024
WHO's end of TB targets: unachievable by 2035 without addressing under nutrition, forced displacement, and homelessness: trend analysis from 2015 to 2022.
Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Towards ending tuberculosis in South Africa: an uncertainty analysis of the programmes and factors most critical to future declines.Global health action · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Artificial intelligence on chest X-ray for tuberculosis screening in Tanzania: a multicentre evaluation.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Body mass index (BMI) at RR-TB diagnosis as an independent predictor of treatment outcomes: a retrospective analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- The effectiveness of preventive tuberculosis treatment in children.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Tuberculosis notification trends and treatment outcomes in Bangladesh: findings from a National TB Program data, 2019-2021.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Tuberculosis in Tibetan refugee settlements in India: a human rights perspective.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Modelling tuberculosis transmission dynamics in Malaysia.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Eight-year tuberculosis epidemic trends in the Republic of Congo, a high TB burden country: progress and gaps towards end-TB targets.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- ddPCR-based profiling of plasma EV-miRNA identifies a noninvasive biomarker panel for tuberculosis.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- The Role of Private Doctor and Private-Public Mix Systems in Tuberculosis Detection in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review.Iranian journal of public health · 2025Review
- The impact of population aging on tuberculosis prevention and control in Shanghai: a prediction based on age-period-cohort models.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Article
- Hematochemical hallmarks as markers of pulmonary TB severity: A multicenter cross-sectional study.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2025Article
- Evidence of tuberculosis treatment outcomes among people experiencing homelessness: a scoping review.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Mortality disparities among children and adolescents with tuberculosis in Tanzania Mainland from January 2023 to December 2023: A retrospective cohort study.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, despite the World Health Organization (WHO) actively working towards its eradication through various initiatives and programs. Undernutrition, forced displacement, and homelessness worsen TB's burden and challenge control efforts; however, there is still no adequate research that shows the trend of these underlying factors to attain the WHO's ambitious TB targets. So, this study aims to analyze the trend analysis of these underlying factors worldwide from 2015 to 2022 and their impact on the feasibility and implications of reaching the End TB targets by 2035. We utilized international databases, including UNHCR, FAO, and WHO reports, as secondary data sources. Data were extracted chronologically from 2015 to 2022 to illustrate trends in undernutrition, forced displacement, and homelessness on a global level.This trend analysis reveals that undernutrition, forced displacement, and homelessness have worsened over time. Undernutrition rose from 8.4 to 9.8% globally between 2015 and 2021, affecting 22.7 million additional individuals each year. In 2022, undernutrition affected 735 million people globally. Africa (21.9%) and Asia (10.6%) had the highest rates, while Western Europe and North America had lower rates than the global average: 3.4% and 2.5%, respectively.Similarly, the global rate of forced displacement increased from 65.1 million people in 2015 to 108.4 million in 2022, a 21% increase from 2021. This means that an extra 19 million people were displaced in 2021. Globally, homelessness, affecting 1.6 billion people, has worsened over time. Despite being a highly vulnerable group to TB, homeless individuals are often neglected in TB control efforts. Our findings underscore the critical importance of addressing undernutrition, forced displacement, and homelessness in achieving the World Health Organization's ambitious End TB targets by 2035, as highlighted through trend analysis from 2015 to 2022. Implementing policies focusing on nutrition, stable housing, and the challenges faced by displaced populations is imperative for progress toward a TB-free world.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.