ArticleEnvironmental monitoring and assessment2024
Heavy metal contamination and environmental risk assessment: a case study of surface water in the Bahr Mouse stream, East Nile Delta, Egypt.
Article in Environmental monitoring and assessment, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impact Assessment and Sustainable Remediation of Heavy Metal and Radioactive Contamination in Aquatic Systems: A Review.Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation · 2026Review
- Combatting Cadmium Toxicity in Animals with Nature-Derived Remedies: Mechanisms and Mitigation.Biological trace element research · 2026Review
- Trace minerals, antioxidant defense, and safe consumption of Nile tilapia: insights from ecological variability in lake Mariout, Egypt.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Integrating molecular biomarkers and ectoparasitic infestation to assess water quality.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Age-Stratified Spatial Radiological Risk Assessment ofJournal of xenobiotics · 2025Article
- Health risk assessment and contamination of lead and cadmium levels in sediments of the northwestern Arabian Gulf coast.Heliyon · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Water, as an indispensable constituent of life, serves as the primary source of sustenance for all living things on Earth. The contamination of surface water with heavy metals poses a significant global health risk to humans, animals, and plants. Sharkiya Governorate, situated in the East Nile Delta region of Egypt, is particularly susceptible to surface water pollution due to various industrial, agricultural, and urban activities. The Bahr Mouse Stream, crucial for providing potable water and supporting irrigation activities in Sharkiya Governorate, caters to a population of approximately 7.7 million inhabitants. Unfortunately, this vital water source is exposed to many illegal encroachments that may cause pollution and deteriorate the water resource quality. In a comprehensive study conducted over two consecutive seasons (2019-2020), a total of 38 surface water samples were taken to assess the quantity of heavy metals in surface water destined for human consumption and other applications, supported by indices and statistics. The assessment utilized flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry to determine the concentration of key heavy metals including iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and chromium (Cr). The calculated mean value of the Water Quality Index (WQI) was found to be 39.1 during the winter season and 28.05 during the summer season. This value suggests that the surface water maintains good quality and is suitable for drinking purposes. Furthermore, the analysis indicated that the concentrations of heavy metals in the study area were below the recommended limits set by the World Health Organization and fell within the safe threshold prescribed by Egyptian legislation. Despite the identification of localized instances of illegal activities in certain areas, such as unauthorized discharges, the findings affirm that the Bahr Mouse stream is devoid of heavy metal pollution. This underscores the importance of continued vigilance and regulatory enforcement to preserve the integrity of these vital water resources.
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