ReviewFrontiers in immunology2024
Immune tolerance and the prevention of autoimmune diseases essentially depend on thymic tissue homeostasis.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed.
- Aire and Fezf2 Shape the Medullary Thymic Epithelial Cell Immunopeptidome for Central Tolerance.Immunology · 2026Review
- Immune tolerance platforms to mitigate unwanted immune responses.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2026Review
- GW9508-Induced Activation of GPR40 in Thymic Epithelial Cells: A Therapeutic Strategy to Delay Thymic Aging.Aging cell · 2026Article
- Article
- Unravelling the role of PANoptosis in diseases: from emerging molecular mechanisms-to-therapeutic implications.Cancer biology & medicine · 2026Review
- Advances in nanotechnology for the diagnosis and management of autoimmune diseases.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2026Review
- Immune-Enhancement Effects of 6-Methoxykaempferol on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression via Improving Antioxidant Enzyme Expression, NF-κB and MAPK Signaling, and Modulating Gut Microbiome.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Immune-related adverse events in patients with preexisting myasthenia gravis and thymoma following immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment: a retrospective, observational study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Observational
- Advances and applications of engineered protein therapeutics and their role in precision medicine.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Regulatory T cells in cardiac allograft vasculopathy: from mechanistic insights to clinical tolerance.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Radiographic evidence of thymic involution in hepatocellular carcinoma: a propensity score-matched study in viral cirrhosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Type 1 Diabetes and Other Autoimmune Diseases-Epidemiology, Pathophysiology and Screening.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Review
- Review
- An Italian multidisciplinary Delphi Consensus on new insights about the clinical relevance of Pidotimod.Multidisciplinary respiratory medicine · 2025Article
- Exosomes in Autoimmunity: Mediators of Autoantigen Presentation and Targets for Therapeutic Intervention in Autoimmune Diseases.Journal of clinical immunology · 2025Review
- [Guardians of Immune Tolerance: Regulatory T Cells].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2025Review
- Interferons in Autoimmunity: From Loss of Tolerance to Chronic Inflammation.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Multiple sclerosis: molecular pathogenesis and therapeutic intervention.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Gamma-Glutamyl Cysteine Ligase Activity as a Proxy for Human T Cell Function and Drug-Induced Immunosuppression.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Immune Organoids: A Review of Their Applications in Cancer and Autoimmune Disease Immunotherapy.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
The intricate balance of immune reactions towards invading pathogens and immune tolerance towards self is pivotal in preventing autoimmune diseases, with the thymus playing a central role in establishing and maintaining this equilibrium. The induction of central immune tolerance in the thymus involves the elimination of self-reactive T cells, a mechanism essential for averting autoimmunity. Disruption of the thymic T cell selection mechanisms can lead to the development of autoimmune diseases. In the dynamic microenvironment of the thymus, T cell migration and interactions with thymic stromal cells are critical for the selection processes that ensure self-tolerance. Thymic epithelial cells are particularly significant in this context, presenting self-antigens and inducing the negative selection of autoreactive T cells. Further, the synergistic roles of thymic fibroblasts, B cells, and dendritic cells in antigen presentation, selection and the development of regulatory T cells are pivotal in maintaining immune responses tightly regulated. This review article collates these insights, offering a comprehensive examination of the multifaceted role of thymic tissue homeostasis in the establishment of immune tolerance and its implications in the prevention of autoimmune diseases. Additionally, the developmental pathways of the thymus are explored, highlighting how genetic aberrations can disrupt thymic architecture and function, leading to autoimmune conditions. The impact of infections on immune tolerance is another critical area, with pathogens potentially triggering autoimmunity by altering thymic homeostasis. Overall, this review underscores the integral role of thymic tissue homeostasis in the prevention of autoimmune diseases, discussing insights into potential therapeutic strategies and examining putative avenues for future research on developing thymic-based therapies in treating and preventing autoimmune conditions.
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