ArticleCell communication and signaling : CCS2024
Gut microbiota-derived butyrate restores impaired regulatory T cells in patients with AChR myasthenia gravis via mTOR-mediated autophagy.
Article in Cell communication and signaling : CCS, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fecal calprotectin and gut microbiome in a cohort without intestinal pathologies from northern Italy.iScience · 2026Article
- Harnessing the microbiome for cancer therapy.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Targeting the Gut Microbiota with Pro- and Postbiotics: Emerging Strategies against Alopecia.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Article
- How the gut microbiome affects the immunotherapy response in hepatocellular carcinoma.Cancer biology & medicine · 2026Review
- The Metabolic Calibration of Female Immune Plasticity: From X-Linked Vulnerability to Precision Metabotyping.Biology · 2026Review
- Dysbiosis of gut microbiota and metabolomic alterations in myasthenia gravis: insights from 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Helminth Infection, Gut Microbiome Alterations, and Their Impact on Pulmonary Tuberculosis Susceptibility.Journal of tropical medicine · 2026Review
- Targeting the Th17/Treg axis: from immunological insights to therapeutic avenues in atherosclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The Intricate Interplay of Noncoding RNAs and the Gut Microbiome in Gastrointestinal and Endocrine-Related Cancers.Sub-cellular biochemistry · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota and SCFA signatures in predicting postoperative infection sites in neurocritical care patients.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Disruption of intestinal barrier and immune homeostasis links gut microbiota dysbiosis to aggravated experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Targeting regulatory T cell plasticity in gastric cancer: a unified bimodal model and precision immunotherapy paradigm: a hypothesis-generating review.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Modulation by Slow-Release Protein Substitutes in Phenylketonuria: Findings from the PREMP Study.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Gut microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy: immune microenvironment remodeling and gut microbiota modification.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Interconnection between myasthenia gravis and type 2 diabetes: emerging role of metformin in modulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR/AMPK axis.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Review
- Article
- Gut-Microbiota-Derived Metabolites and Probiotic Strategies in Colorectal Cancer: Implications for Disease Modulation and Precision Therapy.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Mitochondrial dysfunction in myasthenia gravis: Exploring directions for future immunotherapy? A review.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Review
- Molecular Impact of Magnesium-Mediated Immune Regulation in Diseases.Scientifica · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
More than 80% of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) are positive for anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) suppress overproduction of these antibodies, and patients with AChR antibody-positive MG (AChR MG) exhibit impaired Treg function and reduced Treg numbers. The gut microbiota and their metabolites play a crucial role in maintaining Treg differentiation and function. However, whether impaired Tregs correlate with gut microbiota activity in patients with AChR MG remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that butyric acid-producing gut bacteria and serum butyric acid level are reduced in patients with AChR MG. Butyrate supplementation effectively enhanced Treg differentiation and their suppressive function of AChR MG. Mechanistically, butyrate activates autophagy of Treg cells by inhibiting the mammalian target of rapamycin. Activation of autophagy increased oxidative phosphorylation and surface expression of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 on Treg cells, thereby promoting Treg differentiation and their suppressive function in AChR MG. This observed effect of butyrate was blocked using chloroquine, an autophagy inhibitor, suggesting the vital role of butyrate-activated autophagy in Tregs of patients with AChR MG. We propose that gut bacteria derived butyrate has potential therapeutic efficacy against AChR MG by restoring impaired Tregs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.