ArticleJournal of human hypertension2024
Non-dipping blood pressure pattern is associated with cardiovascular events in a 21-year follow-up study.
Article in Journal of human hypertension, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Global prevalence of nocturnal hypertension: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of morning or evening antihypertensive drug administration on albuminuria in hypertensive patients: an open-label pilot randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Sleep-Aligned Extended Overnight Fasting Improves Nighttime and Daytime Cardiometabolic Function.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2026Trial
- Effects of aprocitentan on prognostically relevant ambulatory blood pressure-derived variables in resistant hypertension.Journal of hypertension · 2026Trial
- Effect of Exercise Modalities on Post-Exercise Hypotension in Normotensive Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial on Vasomotor Symptoms Influence.European journal of sport science · 2025Trial
- Evaluation of Alysis-001 cuffless blood pressure estimation algorithm against the European Society of Hypertension awake/asleep test criteria in hypertensive patients.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- Circadian Blood Pressure Patterns in Adults with Moderate-to-Severe Hepatic Steatosis: A Prospective Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Sleep and circadian rhythms in cardiovascular resilience: mechanisms, implications, and a Roadmap for research and interventions.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2026Review
- Diastolic Blood Pressure Variability Predicts Cardiovascular Outcomes in CKD, Especially in Advanced Stages.Kidney medicine · 2026Article
- Self-Selected Leisure Promotes Ambulatory Blood Pressure Dipping: A Within-Person Randomized Field Experiment.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Ambulatory Blood Pressure Patterns and Left Ventricular Mass Index in Tanzanian Adults Living with and without HIV.Global heart · 2026Article
- Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in arterial hypertension.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Review
- Variable shift work in family medicine residents is associated with a non-dipper pattern and reduced phase angle: possible adaptive blood pressure mechanisms and body composition imbalance.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Circadian Blood Pressure Phenotyping Identifies Subtype-Specific Risk and Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Prospective Study.Translational stroke research · 2025Article
- Chronic ACTH Infusion Alters the Diurnal Rhythm of Sodium Excretion, Inducing Nondipping Blood Pressure and Salt-Sensitivity in Male Mice.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2025Article
- Neurokinin Antagonists to Treat Vasomotor Symptoms-Possible Implications for Long-Term Health and Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Circadian Rhythm Disruptions and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: The Special Role of Melatonin.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Evaluation of Aktiia cuffless blood pressure monitor across 24-h, daytime, and night-time measurements versus ambulatory monitoring: a prospective, single-centre observational study.Journal of hypertension · 2025Observational
- Cardiovascular Dysautonomia in Patients with Parkinson's Disease and Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- The time is now: accounting for time-of-day effects to improve reproducibility and translation of metabolism research.Nature metabolism · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Non-dipping blood pressure (BP) pattern is a predictor for cardiovascular (CV) events and mortality. We evaluated dipping status change and its association with incidence of non-fatal CV events in middle-aged subjects. The OPERA study was carried out during the years 1991-1993, with a follow-up study 21.7 years later. In this study, we included 452 participants with 24-h ambulatory BP measurements (ABPM) available in both surveys. The study population was divided into four groups according to the dipping pattern change: dipping-dipping (n = 152/33.6%), dipping-non-dipping (n = 198/43.8%), non-dipping-dipping (n = 20/4.4%), and non-dipping-non-dipping (n = 82/18.1%). Sixty-five participants experienced a CV event (14.4%) during the 21.7 (SD 0.8) years of follow-up. The incidence of events was highest (28%) in the non-dipping-non-dipping group, and lowest (6.6%) in the dipping-dipping group (p < 0.001). In Cox regression analyses the covariates were age, sex, total cholesterol, hypertension and use of antihypertensive medication, systolic office BP and ambulatory mean or nighttime systolic BP, as well as the change in the variables during the follow-up period. After adjustments, the association of the non-dipping-non-dipping pattern with CV events compared with the dipping-dipping pattern remained significant (HR 4.01; 95% CI 1.89-8.67, p < 0.001). In summary, non-dipping-non-dipping pattern was associated with non-fatal CV events in the long term, and the effect was independent of the conventional risk factors including office and ambulatory BP levels.
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