ArticleBMJ open2024
Association between breast feeding and food consumption according to the degree of processing in Brazil: a cohort study.
Article in BMJ open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tracking of dietary patterns from early childhood to school age in the Brazilian Food and Nutritional Surveillance System, 2008-2019.Public health nutrition · 2026Article
- Association Between Exclusive Breastfeeding, Nutritional Status and Eating Behavior, in Chilean Schoolchildren: A Cross-Sectional Study.Nutrients · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe benefits of breast feeding may be associated with better formation of eating habits beyond childhood. This study was designed to verify the association between breast feeding and food consumption according to the degree of processing in four Brazilian birth cohorts.
methodsThe duration of exclusive, predominant and total breast feeding was evaluated. The analysis of the energy contribution of fresh or minimally processed foods (FMPF) and ultra-processed foods (UPF) in the diet was evaluated during childhood (13-36 months), adolescence (11-18 years) and adulthood (22, 23 and 30 years).
resultsThose who were predominantly breastfed for less than 4 months had a higher UPF consumption (β 3.14, 95% CI 0.82 to 5.47) and a lower FMPF consumption (β -3.47, 95% CI -5.91 to -1.02) at age 22 years in the 1993 cohort. Exclusive breast feeding (EBF) for less than 6 months was associated with increased UPF consumption (β 1.75, 95% CI 0.25 to 3.24) and reduced FMPF consumption (β -1.49, 95% CI -2.93 to -0.04) at age 11 years in the 2004 cohort. In this same cohort, total breast feeding for less than 12 months was associated with increased UPF consumption (β 1.12, 95% CI 0.24 to 2.19) and decreased FMPF consumption (β -1.13, 95% CI -2 .07 to -0.19). Children who did not receive EBF for 6 months showed an increase in the energy contribution of UPF (β 2.36, 95% CI 0.53 to 4.18) and a decrease in FMPF (β -2.33, 95% CI -4 .19 to -0.48) in the diet at 13-36 months in the 2010 cohort. In this cohort, children who were breastfed for less than 12 months in total had higher UPF consumption (β 2.16, 95% CI 0.81 to 3.51) and lower FMPF consumption (β -1.79, 95% CI -3.09 to -0.48).
conclusionExposure to breast feeding is associated with lower UPF consumption and higher FMPF consumption in childhood, adolescence and adulthood.
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