Observational studyJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2025
Mental Health Concerns During COVID-19: An Observational Study Among a Predominantly Black Community in New York City.
Observational study in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Mental health problems among ethnic minorities during public crises: a systematic review of coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Facing the pandemic amidst mental health challenges: A longitudinal study of Black and Latino public housing residents.Journal of affective disorders · 2026Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Peer Support Services in the Veterans Health Administration: Lessons for Healthcare Organizations.Administration and policy in mental health · 2026Article
- Mental and Physical Health Impacts of Anti-Asian Violence on Chinese Older Adults.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Article
- A multisector community-engaged collaborative for mental health integration in primary care and housing developments: Protocol for a stepped-wedge randomized controlled trial (the Harlem Strong Program).BMC public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThis study examined the prevalence of mental health concerns and its association with COVID-19, selected social determinants of health, and psychosocial risk factors in a predominantly racial/ethnic minoritized neighborhood in New York City.
methodsAdult Harlem residents (N = 393) completed an online cross-sectional survey from April to September 2021. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) and the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PC-PTSD) were used to evaluate mental health concerns. Poisson regression with robust variance quantified the associations of interests via prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
resultsTwo-thirds (66.4%) of the residents reported experiencing mental health concerns, including PTSD (25.7%), depression (41.2%), and anxiety (48.1%). Residents with low-income housing status (PR = 1.16; 95% CI 1.01, 1.34), alcohol misuse (PR = 1.68; 95% CI 1.40, 2.01), food insecurity (PR = 1.23; 95% CI 1.07, 1.42), exposure to interpersonal violence (PR = 1.33; 95% CI 1.08, 2.65), and experience of discrimination (PR = 1.53, 95% CI 1.23-1.92) were more likely to report mental health concerns. Better community perception of the police (PR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.95, 0.99) was associated with fewer mental health concerns. No associations were observed for employment insecurity, housing insecurity, or household COVID-19 positivity with mental health concerns.
conclusionsThis study showed a high prevalence of mental health concerns in a low-income racial/ethnic minoritized community, where COVID-19 and social risk factors compounded these concerns. Harlem residents face mental health risks including increased financial precarity, interpersonal violence, and discrimination exposure. Interventions are needed to address these concurrent mental health and psychosocial risk factors, particularly in racial/ethnic minoritized residents.
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