Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38564817›Full record

ArticleJournal of infection and public health2024

Secondary attack rates and determinants of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) household transmission in Pakistan: A case-ascertained prospective, longitudinal study.

Muhammad Imran Nisar, Nadia Ansari, Mashal Amin, Farah Khalid, Shahira Shahid, Marvi Mahesar, Maryam Mansoor, Muhammad Farrukh Qazi, Aneeta Hotwani, Najeeb Rehman and 5 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of infection and public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed, 0 citations in OpenAlex.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Muhammad Imran NisarDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. Electronic address: imran.nisar@aku.edu.
Nadia AnsariDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Mashal AminDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Farah KhalidDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Shahira ShahidDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Marvi MahesarDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Maryam MansoorDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Muhammad Farrukh QaziDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Aneeta HotwaniDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Najeeb RehmanDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Arslan AshrafDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Zahoor AhmedHealth Department, Government of Sindh, Karachi, Pakistan.
Ashfaque AhmedHealth Department, Government of Sindh, Karachi, Pakistan.
Arslan MemonHealth Department, Government of Sindh, Karachi, Pakistan.
Fyezah JehanDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Aga Khan University · PKGovernment of Pakistan · PK

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHouseholds are considered ideal settings for studying the transmission dynamics of an infectious disease.

methodsA prospective study was conducted, based on the World Health Organization FFX protocol from October 2020 to January,2021. Household contacts of laboratory-confirmed index cases were followed up for their symptomatic history, nasal swabs for RT-PCR,and blood samples for anti-SARS CoV-2 antibodies were collected at enrollment and days 7, 14 and 28. We estimated secondary attack rate (SAR), effective household case cluster size and determinants of secondary infection among susceptible household contacts using multivariable logistic regression.

resultsWe enrolled 77 index cases and their 543 contacts. Out of these, 252 contacts were susceptible at the time of enrollment. There were 77 household clusters, out of which, transmission took place in 20 (25.9%) giving rise to 34 cases. The acquired secondary attack rate (SAR) was 14.0% (95% CI 9.0-18.0). The effective household case cluster size was 0.46 (95%CI 0.33,0.56). Reported symptoms of nausea and vomiting (aOR, 7.9; 95% CI, 1.4-45.5) and fatigue (aOR, 9.3; 95% CI, 3.8-22.7) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 transmission.

conclusionsWe observed a low SARS-CoV-2 secondary attack rate in the backdrop of high seroprevalence and asymptomatic transmission among households in Karachi, Pakistan.

Indexed as

COVID-19SARS-CoV-2Disease SusceptibilityHumansIncidenceLongitudinal StudiesPakistanProspective StudiesSeroepidemiologic StudiesCOVID-19PakistanSARS-CoV-2Secondary attack rateTransmission dynamics

Identifiers

PMID38564817
PMCPMC11009119
OpenAlexW4393219013

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.