Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38563076›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of social determinants of health and health services2024

Cambodia's Imminent Graduation from Least Developed Country Status: What Will be the Impact of the TRIPS Agreement on Access to HIV and Hepatitis C Medicines in Cambodia?

Brigitte Tenni, Joel Lexchin, Sovath Phin, Deborah Gleeson

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of social determinants of health and health services, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Brigitte TenniSchool of Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-3356-4967
Joel LexchinSchool of Health Policy and Management, York University, Toronto, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-5120-8029
Sovath PhinFaculty of Law and Public Affairs, Pannasastra University of Cambodia (PUC), Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Deborah GleesonSchool of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
La Trobe University · AUPaññāsāstra University of Cambodia · KHThe University of Melbourne · AUYork University · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cambodia has experienced exponential economic growth in recent years and is expected to graduate from least developed country (LDC) status within the next decade. Membership of the World Trade Organization (WTO) will require Cambodia to grant product and process patents for pharmaceuticals upon LDC graduation. This study aims to measure the impact of the WTO Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) on the price of HIV and hepatitis C medicine in Cambodia once it graduates from LDC status and is obliged to make patents available for pharmaceutical products and processes. Using scenarios based on likely outcomes of accession to the TRIPS Agreement, it measures the impact on the price of the HIV treatment program and compares that impact with the hepatitis C treatment program. Graduation from LDC status would be expected to result in a modest increase in the cost of the antiretroviral (ARV) treatment program and very large increases in the cost of the direct acting antivirals (DAA) treatment program. If annual treatment budgets remain constant, patent protection could see 1,515 fewer people living with HIV able to access ARV treatment and 2,577 fewer people able to access DAA treatment (a drop in treatment coverage of 93%).

Indexed as

Health Services AccessibilityHepatitis CHIV InfectionsIntellectual PropertyAnti-HIV AgentsAntiviral AgentsCambodiaDeveloping CountriesDrug CostsHumansInternational CooperationPatents as TopicAnti-HIV AgentsAntiviral AgentsantiretroviralCambodiadirect acting antiviralgenerichepatitis CHIVintellectual propertypatentTRIPS

Identifiers

PMID38563076
PMCPMC11157998
OpenAlexW4393436566

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.