Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38561491›Full record

ArticleNature biomedical engineering2024

A serine-conjugated butyrate prodrug with high oral bioavailability suppresses autoimmune arthritis and neuroinflammation in mice.

Shijie Cao, Erica Budina, Michal M Raczy, Ani Solanki, Mindy Nguyen, Taryn N Beckman, Joseph W Reda, Kevin Hultgren, Phillip S Ang, Anna J Slezak and 9 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature biomedical engineering, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed
11.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. [Butyrate alleviatesNan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. The Gut Microbiota Regulates Motor Deficits via Butyrate in a GnalAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. ButyrylatedActa pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Shijie Cao *Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. sjcao@uw.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9175-0813
Erica Budina *Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Michal M RaczyPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Ani SolankiPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Mindy NguyenPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Taryn N BeckmanPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4634-3856
Joseph W RedaPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9413-5111
Kevin HultgrenPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Phillip S AngPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Anna J SlezakPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9984-3638
Lauren A HesserPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Aaron T AlparPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4669-4813
Kirsten C RefvikPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-0585-5827
Lucas S ShoresPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Ishita PillaiPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Rachel P WallacePritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4439-1173
Arjun DharPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Elyse A WatkinsPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2691-5930
Jeffrey A HubbellPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. jhubbell@uchicago.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0276-5456
University of Chicago · USUniversity of Washington · US

Funding

VIRAL ONCOLOGY CORE FACILITYP30CA014599 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI MARK W. LINGEN · 1985 to 2026
$122.1M
Immunoengineering Postdoctoral Training Program - Resubmission - 1T32AI153020 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI ALEGRE, MARIA-LUISA, SWARTZ, MELODY ANN · 2021 to 2025
$2.1M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA014599NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI153020
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Butyrate-a metabolite produced by commensal bacteria-has been extensively studied for its immunomodulatory effects on immune cells, including regulatory T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. However, the development of butyrate as a drug has been hindered by butyrate's poor oral bioavailability, owing to its rapid metabolism in the gut, its low potency (hence, necessitating high dosing), and its foul smell and taste. Here we report that the oral bioavailability of butyrate can be increased by esterifying it to serine, an amino acid transporter that aids the escape of the resulting odourless and tasteless prodrug (O-butyryl-L-serine, which we named SerBut) from the gut, enhancing its systemic uptake. In mice with collagen-antibody-induced arthritis (a model of rheumatoid arthritis) and with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (a model of multiple sclerosis), we show that SerBut substantially ameliorated disease severity, modulated key immune cell populations systemically and in disease-associated tissues, and reduced inflammatory responses without compromising the global immune response to vaccination. SerBut may become a promising therapeutic for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.

Indexed as

Arthritis, ExperimentalBiological AvailabilityButyratesProdrugsSerineAdministration, OralAnimalsArthritis, RheumatoidEncephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, ExperimentalFemaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLNeuroinflammatory DiseasesButyratesProdrugsSerine

Identifiers

PMID38561491
PMCPMC11161413
OpenAlexW4393391788

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.