ArticleBrain, behavior, & immunity - health2024
Lifestyle factors and BMI attenuate relationships between biomarkers of inflammation and depressive symptoms and well-being: A cross-sectional study.
Article in Brain, behavior, & immunity - health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between psychiatric disorders and the risk of stroke: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Integrated Inflammatory and Gut Microbial Signatures in Major Depressive Disorder: A Case-Control Study.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Plant-based dietary indices and mental health: a cross-sectional study of a middle- to older-aged population.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Cytokines and adolescent anorexia nervosa: a case-control study.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Perceived stress precedes declines in Well-being: A prospective study of stress, well-being, hair cortisol, and low-grade inflammation in hospital employees.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- The association between depressive symptoms and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein: Is body mass index a moderator?Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Mental disorders are a growing public health concern and evidence has linked chronic low-grade inflammation with depression and well-being. Research also suggests that certain modifiable lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, diet quality and BMI are related to psychological health. These may modulate the relationship between low-grade inflammation and mental health conditions. In this study we examined inflammatory biomarker associations with two psychological health scores and investigated whether relationships are influenced by lifestyle factors and BMI. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 1824 middle-to older-aged men and women randomly selected from a large primary care centre. Depressive symptoms and well-being were assessed using the 20-item Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale and the World Health Organization-Five (WHO-5) Well-Being Index. Linear regression analyses were performed to examine depression and well-being score relationships with six inflammatory biomarkers, and a composite inflammatory biomarker score, adjusting for demographic characteristics, health conditions, lifestyle factors and BMI. Results: Depression and well-being score associations with complement component 3 (CES-D only) c-reactive protein, interleukin 6, leptin, white blood cell counts, neutrophils and the inflammatory biomarker score were observed. These relationships survived adjustment for demographic variables and health conditions but were attenuated in models which included lifestyle factors and BMI. In final models, only leptin (β = 0.566, Conclusions: These findings suggest that the relationship between systemic low-grade inflammation and depressive symptoms and well-being may be largely explained by lifestyle factors and adiposity, highlighting the potential importance of promoting a healthy lifestyle in the treatment of depressive disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.