ArticleAmerican heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice2021
Antihypertensive medication adherence trends by sex and drug class: A pilot study.
Article in American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors associated with self-care behavior in patients with kidney failure receiving dialysis: a hospital-based cross-sectional study in Bandung, Indonesia.BMC nephrology · 2026Article
- Salt sensitivity of blood pressure: mechanisms and sex-specific differences.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2025Review
- Autonomic control of blood pressure in women: The roles of hypertension and aging.Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2025Review
- Sexual Dimorphic Interplays Between Gut Microbiota and Antihypertensive Drugs.Current hypertension reports · 2023Review
- Productivity-adjusted life-years and correlates of uncontrolled hypertension at two health facilities in Zambia.PloS one · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Introduction: Antihypertensive medication nonadherence is a prevalent issue but is very difficult to accurately assess. To clarify this problem among hypertensive patients attending a cardiovascular disease outpatient clinic, we utilized high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) to assess antihypertensive medication adherence and identify trends by sex and drug class. Methods: Serum was extracted from blood samples obtained from patients with either drug-controlled or drug resistant hypertension (RHTN) and analyzed via HPLC-MS for antihypertensive drugs which were categorized by drug class as beta blockers, aldosterone antagonists, diuretics, ACE inhibitor/ARBs, or calcium channel blockers. Clinic blood pressure (BP), sex, and prescription regimens were extracted from medical records at or near the time of blood collection. "Adherence" or "nonadherence" was determined by comparison of the patient's prescribed drug regimen and the presence/absence of prescribed drug(s) in their serum. Results: Among 76 patients (47 women; mean age 63; 53% white), nonadherence was confirmed in 29%. RHTN was more frequently identified in women than men (55% vs 38%) and nonadherence was higher in women than men (34% vs 21%). BP in those who were adherent to prescribed antihypertensive drugs was significantly lower than in those who were nonadherent (129/75 vs 145/83 mmHg, Conclusion: We observed nonadherence was more frequent among older women in a cohort of HTN and RHTN patients with cardiovascular disease based on HPLC-MS confirmed drug levels.
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