Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38555432›Full record

ArticleAnimal microbiome2024

Dispersion of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in pig farms and in the surrounding environment.

Daniel Scicchitano, Daniela Leuzzi, Giulia Babbi, Giorgia Palladino, Silvia Turroni, Cédric Christian Laczny, Paul Wilmes, Federico Correa, Pimlapas Leekitcharoenphon, Castrense Savojardo and 6 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Animal microbiome, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. mSphere · 2026
    Article
  8. Antibiotic resistance dissemination in soil ecosystems: deep understanding for effective management and global health protection.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Microorganisms · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from dairy farms (Santa Fe province, Argentina).Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2025
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Daniel Scicchitano *Fano Marine Center, Fano, Italy.
Daniela Leuzzi *Fano Marine Center, Fano, Italy.
Giulia BabbiDepartment of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Giorgia PalladinoFano Marine Center, Fano, Italy.
Silvia TurroniDepartment of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Cédric Christian LacznyUniversity of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
Paul WilmesUniversity of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
Federico CorreaDepartment of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Pimlapas LeekitcharoenphonTecnhical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
Castrense SavojardoDepartment of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Diana LuiseDepartment of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Pierluigi MartelliDepartment of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Paolo TrevisiDepartment of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Frank Møller AarestrupTecnhical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
Marco CandelaFano Marine Center, Fano, Italy. marco.candela@unibo.it.
Simone RampelliFano Marine Center, Fano, Italy.
University of Bologna · ITTechnical University of Denmark · DKUniversity of Luxembourg · LU

Funding

Horizon 2020 Framework Programme 818290
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAntimicrobial resistance has been identified as a major threat to global health. The pig food chain is considered an important source of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). However, there is still a lack of knowledge on the dispersion of ARGs in pig production system, including the external environment.

resultsIn the present study, we longitudinally followed one swine farm located in Italy from the weaning phase to the slaughterhouse to comprehensively assess the diversity of ARGs, their diffusion, and the bacteria associated with them. We obtained shotgun metagenomic sequences from 294 samples, including pig feces, farm environment, soil around the farm, wastewater, and slaughterhouse environment. We identified a total of 530 species-level genome bins (SGBs), which allowed us to assess the dispersion of microorganisms and their associated ARGs in the farm system. We identified 309 SGBs being shared between the animals gut microbiome, the internal and external farm environments. Specifically, these SGBs were characterized by a diverse and complex resistome, with ARGs active against 18 different classes of antibiotic compounds, well matching antibiotic use in the pig food chain in Europe.

conclusionsCollectively, our results highlight the urgency to implement more effective countermeasures to limit the dispersion of ARGs in the pig food systems and the relevance of metagenomics-based approaches to monitor the spread of ARGs for the safety of the farm working environment and the surrounding ecosystems.

Indexed as

Antibiotic resistance geneFood safetyMicrobiomeResistomeSwine microbiome

Identifiers

PMID38555432
PMCPMC10981832
OpenAlexW4393344738

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.