ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2024
Origin and significance of leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid.
Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed.
- A case of autoimmune encephalitis with autoimmune gastritis presenting as refractory hyponatremia.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Relapse risk and functional outcomes in anti-LGI1 encephalitis: A multicenter retrospective analysis.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2026Article
- Clinical, Electroencephalogram and Imaging Characteristics of Patients With Anti-LGI1 Antibody Encephalitis: A Multicenter Cohort Study.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
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8 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundWhether antibodies against leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1-Abs) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are partially transferred from serum and the impact of CSF-LGI1-Ab positivity on clinical features and prognosis are unclear. Therefore, we aim to investigate the differences in serum titers, clinical features, and outcomes between LGI1-Ab CSF-positive and LGI1-Ab CSF-negative patients.
methodsRetrospective analysis of serum titers and clinical features according to CSF LGI1-Ab status. In addition, univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify predictors of worse outcomes.
resultsA total of 60 patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis and positive serum LGI1-Abs were identified, of whom 8 (13.3%) patients were excluded due to the absence of CSF LGI1-Ab testing. Among the remaining 52 patients, 33 (63.5%) were positive for LGI1-Abs in CSF. CSF-positive patients were more likely to have high serum titers (≥ 1:100) than CSF-negative patients (p = 0.003), and Spearman's correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between CSF and serum titers in CSF-positive patients (r
conclusionsLGI1-Ab CSF-positive patients have higher serum titers, and their CSF titers are positively correlated with serum titers, indicating a possible peripheral origin of CSF LGI1-Abs. CSF-positive patients more often present with psychiatric symptoms, hyponatremia, and worse outcomes, suggesting more severe neuronal damage.
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