Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38548298›Full record

ReviewCanadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie

Defining the Canadian rural general surgeon.

Lyndsay Glass, Malcolm Davidson, Emily Friedrich, Rebecca Afford, Sarah MacVicar, Quinn Gentles, Peter Miles, Roy Kirkpatrick, Lauren Smithson, Mark Walsh and 3 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. The need for rural surgery - a call for strategic thinking.Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie
    Article
  5. Surgical care in Canada and the cost of inaction.Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie
    Article
  6. Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie
    Article
  7. Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie
    Article
  8. Difficult legal precedent established for rural surgical competency.Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie
    Article
  9. Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Lyndsay GlassFrom the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ont. (Glass); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Afford); Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Davidson); Undergraduate Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Friedrich); Division of General Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton Alta. (MacVicar); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Gentles); the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta. (Miles); Department of Surgery, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Sudbury, Ont. (Kirkpatrick, Champion); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, N.L. (Smithson); the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Walsh); Canadian General Surgery Foundation, Canadian Association of General Surgeons, Kanata, Ont. (Walsh); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, Shuswap Lake General Hospital, Salmon Arm, BC (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Wong); Department of Surgery, West Parry Sound Health Centre, Parry Sound, Ont. (Champion).
Malcolm DavidsonFrom the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ont. (Glass); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Afford); Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Davidson); Undergraduate Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Friedrich); Division of General Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton Alta. (MacVicar); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Gentles); the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta. (Miles); Department of Surgery, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Sudbury, Ont. (Kirkpatrick, Champion); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, N.L. (Smithson); the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Walsh); Canadian General Surgery Foundation, Canadian Association of General Surgeons, Kanata, Ont. (Walsh); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, Shuswap Lake General Hospital, Salmon Arm, BC (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Wong); Department of Surgery, West Parry Sound Health Centre, Parry Sound, Ont. (Champion).
Emily FriedrichFrom the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ont. (Glass); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Afford); Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Davidson); Undergraduate Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Friedrich); Division of General Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton Alta. (MacVicar); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Gentles); the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta. (Miles); Department of Surgery, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Sudbury, Ont. (Kirkpatrick, Champion); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, N.L. (Smithson); the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Walsh); Canadian General Surgery Foundation, Canadian Association of General Surgeons, Kanata, Ont. (Walsh); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, Shuswap Lake General Hospital, Salmon Arm, BC (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Wong); Department of Surgery, West Parry Sound Health Centre, Parry Sound, Ont. (Champion).
Rebecca AffordFrom the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ont. (Glass); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Afford); Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Davidson); Undergraduate Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Friedrich); Division of General Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton Alta. (MacVicar); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Gentles); the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta. (Miles); Department of Surgery, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Sudbury, Ont. (Kirkpatrick, Champion); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, N.L. (Smithson); the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Walsh); Canadian General Surgery Foundation, Canadian Association of General Surgeons, Kanata, Ont. (Walsh); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, Shuswap Lake General Hospital, Salmon Arm, BC (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Wong); Department of Surgery, West Parry Sound Health Centre, Parry Sound, Ont. (Champion).
Sarah MacVicarFrom the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ont. (Glass); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Afford); Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Davidson); Undergraduate Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Friedrich); Division of General Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton Alta. (MacVicar); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Gentles); the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta. (Miles); Department of Surgery, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Sudbury, Ont. (Kirkpatrick, Champion); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, N.L. (Smithson); the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Walsh); Canadian General Surgery Foundation, Canadian Association of General Surgeons, Kanata, Ont. (Walsh); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, Shuswap Lake General Hospital, Salmon Arm, BC (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Wong); Department of Surgery, West Parry Sound Health Centre, Parry Sound, Ont. (Champion).
Quinn GentlesFrom the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ont. (Glass); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Afford); Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Davidson); Undergraduate Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Friedrich); Division of General Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton Alta. (MacVicar); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Gentles); the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta. (Miles); Department of Surgery, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Sudbury, Ont. (Kirkpatrick, Champion); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, N.L. (Smithson); the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Walsh); Canadian General Surgery Foundation, Canadian Association of General Surgeons, Kanata, Ont. (Walsh); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, Shuswap Lake General Hospital, Salmon Arm, BC (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Wong); Department of Surgery, West Parry Sound Health Centre, Parry Sound, Ont. (Champion).
Peter MilesFrom the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ont. (Glass); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Afford); Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Davidson); Undergraduate Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Friedrich); Division of General Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton Alta. (MacVicar); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Gentles); the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta. (Miles); Department of Surgery, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Sudbury, Ont. (Kirkpatrick, Champion); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, N.L. (Smithson); the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Walsh); Canadian General Surgery Foundation, Canadian Association of General Surgeons, Kanata, Ont. (Walsh); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, Shuswap Lake General Hospital, Salmon Arm, BC (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Wong); Department of Surgery, West Parry Sound Health Centre, Parry Sound, Ont. (Champion).
Roy KirkpatrickFrom the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ont. (Glass); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Afford); Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Davidson); Undergraduate Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Friedrich); Division of General Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton Alta. (MacVicar); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Gentles); the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta. (Miles); Department of Surgery, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Sudbury, Ont. (Kirkpatrick, Champion); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, N.L. (Smithson); the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Walsh); Canadian General Surgery Foundation, Canadian Association of General Surgeons, Kanata, Ont. (Walsh); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, Shuswap Lake General Hospital, Salmon Arm, BC (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Wong); Department of Surgery, West Parry Sound Health Centre, Parry Sound, Ont. (Champion).
Lauren SmithsonFrom the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ont. (Glass); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Afford); Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Davidson); Undergraduate Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Friedrich); Division of General Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton Alta. (MacVicar); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Gentles); the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta. (Miles); Department of Surgery, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Sudbury, Ont. (Kirkpatrick, Champion); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, N.L. (Smithson); the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Walsh); Canadian General Surgery Foundation, Canadian Association of General Surgeons, Kanata, Ont. (Walsh); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, Shuswap Lake General Hospital, Salmon Arm, BC (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Wong); Department of Surgery, West Parry Sound Health Centre, Parry Sound, Ont. (Champion).
Mark WalshFrom the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ont. (Glass); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Afford); Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Davidson); Undergraduate Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Friedrich); Division of General Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton Alta. (MacVicar); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Gentles); the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta. (Miles); Department of Surgery, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Sudbury, Ont. (Kirkpatrick, Champion); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, N.L. (Smithson); the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Walsh); Canadian General Surgery Foundation, Canadian Association of General Surgeons, Kanata, Ont. (Walsh); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, Shuswap Lake General Hospital, Salmon Arm, BC (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Wong); Department of Surgery, West Parry Sound Health Centre, Parry Sound, Ont. (Champion).
Stephen HiscockFrom the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ont. (Glass); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Afford); Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Davidson); Undergraduate Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Friedrich); Division of General Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton Alta. (MacVicar); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Gentles); the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta. (Miles); Department of Surgery, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Sudbury, Ont. (Kirkpatrick, Champion); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, N.L. (Smithson); the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Walsh); Canadian General Surgery Foundation, Canadian Association of General Surgeons, Kanata, Ont. (Walsh); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, Shuswap Lake General Hospital, Salmon Arm, BC (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Wong); Department of Surgery, West Parry Sound Health Centre, Parry Sound, Ont. (Champion).
Evan WongFrom the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ont. (Glass); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Afford); Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Davidson); Undergraduate Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Friedrich); Division of General Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton Alta. (MacVicar); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Gentles); the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta. (Miles); Department of Surgery, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Sudbury, Ont. (Kirkpatrick, Champion); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, N.L. (Smithson); the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Walsh); Canadian General Surgery Foundation, Canadian Association of General Surgeons, Kanata, Ont. (Walsh); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, Shuswap Lake General Hospital, Salmon Arm, BC (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Wong); Department of Surgery, West Parry Sound Health Centre, Parry Sound, Ont. (Champion).
Caitlin ChampionFrom the Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ont. (Glass); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Afford); Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. (Davidson); Undergraduate Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Friedrich); Division of General Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton Alta. (MacVicar); Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Gentles); the Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta. (Miles); Department of Surgery, Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Sudbury, Ont. (Kirkpatrick, Champion); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, N.L. (Smithson); the Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S. (Walsh); Canadian General Surgery Foundation, Canadian Association of General Surgeons, Kanata, Ont. (Walsh); Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, Shuswap Lake General Hospital, Salmon Arm, BC (Hiscock); Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Que. (Wong); Department of Surgery, West Parry Sound Health Centre, Parry Sound, Ont. (Champion). cchampion@nosm.ca.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA total of 18%-30% of Canadians live in a rural area and are served by 8% of the country's general surgeons. The demographic characteristics of Canada's population and its geography greatly affect the health outcomes and needs of the population living in rural areas, and rural general surgeons hold a unique role in meeting the surgical needs of these communities. Rural general surgery is a distinct area of practice that is not well understood. We aimed to define the Canadian rural general surgeon to inform rural health human resource planning.

methodsA scoping review of the literature was undertaken of Ovid, MEDLINE, and Embase using the terms "rural," "general surgery," and "workforce." We limited our review to articles from North America and Australia.

resultsThe search yielded 425 titles, and 110 articles underwent full-text review. A definition of rural general surgery was not identified in the Canadian literature. Rurality was defined by population cut-offs or combining community size and proximity to larger centres. The literature highlighted the unique challenges and broad scope of rural general surgical practice.

conclusionRural general surgeons in Canada can be defined as specialists who work in a small community with limited metropolitan influence. They apply core general surgery skills and skills from other specialties to serve the unique needs of their community. Surgical training programs and health systems planning must recognize and support the unique skill set required of rural general surgeons and the critical role they play in the health and sustainability of rural communities.

Indexed as

General SurgeryNorth American PeopleRural Health ServicesSurgeonsCanadaHumansRural Population

Identifiers

PMID38548298
PMCPMC10980533

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.