ArticleSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2024
Sleep duration and social jetlag in healthy adolescents. Association with anxiety, depression, and chronotype: a pilot study.
Article in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Delayed school start times to improve sleep duration and mitigate depression in adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Associations of Social Jetlag With Depression and Anxiety in Adolescents and Young People: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Depression and anxiety · 2026Pooled it
- Evening Chronotype Is Associated With Daytime Impairment and Differential Sleep and Circadian Response to a Sleep Extension Manipulation in Short Sleeping Adolescents.Journal of sleep research · 2026Trial
- Domino effect of evening chronotype: How chronotype topples adolescent mental health through sleep and social functioning.World journal of psychiatry · 2026Article
- Ambient PMBMC public health · 2026Article
- Associations of chronotype and social jetlag with depressive symptoms in shift nurses: a cross-sectional study.BMC nursing · 2026Article
- Adolescent circadian sleep health: a review of multimodal assessment strategies and clinical implications.Frontiers in sleep · 2026Review
- The Relationship Between Indicators of Behavior Rhythmicity With Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Among Youths.Depression and anxiety · 2026Article
- The relationship between ambient neighborhood noise exposure and sleep parameters among Black adults living in the Miami metropolitan area.Sleep epidemiology · 2025Article
- Sleep and Psychosocial Risk Factors Associated with Social Jet Lag and Sleep Duration Among Colombian University Students.Clocks & sleep · 2025Article
- Exploring the impact of chronotype, chrononutrition and lifestyle on bladder cancer.International urology and nephrology · 2025Article
- Exploring nightly variability and clinical influences on sleep measures: insights from a digital brain health platform.Sleep medicine · 2025Article
- Associations Between Sleep Patterns, Circadian Preference, and Anxiety and Depression: A Two-Year Prospective Study Among Norwegian Adolescents.Clocks & sleep · 2025Article
- Association between eveningness and depressive symptoms in daytime workers: A cross-sectional analysis of the Aichi Workers' Cohort Study.Fujita medical journal · 2025Article
- Feasibility of an At-Home Experimental Circadian Misalignment Induction for Adolescents.Clocks & sleep · 2025Article
- Patterns of lifestyle and their associations with anxiety symptoms among adolescents in Liaoning Province, China: a latent class analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Circadian system and aging: where both times interact.Frontiers in aging · 2025Review
- Association between screen time, homework and reading duration, sleep duration, social jetlag and mental health among Chinese children and adolescents.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeMisalignment between sleep opportunity and chronotype preference during adolescence may affect sleep and mental health. The aim of this study was to objectively evaluate sleep duration and social jetlag (SJL) to observe if there is a relationship with anxiety, depression, or chronotype.
methodsCommunity based cohort study (n = 65) was conducted in Northern Europe. Participants recorded their sleep during the regular school schedule for 3 school nights and 2 free nights with FDA-cleared/EU Medical Device Directive (CE-02862) compliant home sleep test. They also completed validated questionnaires to assess (Morningness Eveningness Questionnaire; MEQ), sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale; ESS), and insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index; ISI), anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder-7; GAD-7), and depression symptoms (Beck's Depression Inventory-II; BDI-II). Data were collected during the last week of February and the first 2 weeks of March, 2023.
resultsAverage sleep duration on school nights was 7 h, 15 min, with 18% of participants on average sleeping ≥ 8 h. Average sleep onset was significantly later on free nights (1 hour, 47 minutes; p < 0.0001) causing a high prevalence of moderate-severe SJL, in 71% of participants. Evening chronotypes (prevalence 15.4%) fell asleep later on free nights, causing them to have significantly more SJL (2 hours, 58 minutes) than morning chronotypes (1 hour, 32 minutes) and intermediary chronotypes (1 hour, 36 minutes). Evening chronotypes also had more severe insomnia (ISI + 4.4, p = 0.006; + 4.0, p = 0.001) and greater depressive symptoms (BDI-II + 21.6, p < 0.0001; + 17.1, p < 0.0001). A significant negative correlation was observed between MEQ scores and ESS (r = - 0.287; p = 0.001), ISI (r = - 0.343, p < 0.0001), GAD-7 (r = - 0.185, p < 0.0001), BDI-II (r = - 0.501, p = 0.0001), and suicidal thoughts (r = - 0.294, p = 0.017).
conclusionAdolescents are sleep-deprived and have a high prevalence of SJL that is positively correlated with depressive symptoms and evening chronotype. That evening chronotypes have shorter sleep duration, more severe SJL, and significantly more sleepiness and insomnia, anxiety, and depressive symptoms may indicate possible benefits in identifying this group with the aim to assist them in improving their sleep habits with potentially positive effects on mental health.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.