ArticlePediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)2024
Estimated glomerular filtration rate: applicability of creatinine-based equations in African children.
Article in Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Screening for urinary abnormalities in healthy school children living in an African urban megacity.BMC nephrology · 2026Article
- Toenail metal concentrations and kidney health among young people at risk of chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Article
- Performance of creatinine and cystatin C-based equations to estimate glomerular filtration rate in African children with sickle cell anemia.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Optimization of Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Criteria for AKI for Pediatric Population.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- The need for validation of eGFR formulae in different populations.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe Schwartz equation is the most widely used serum creatinine (SCr)-based formula to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in children of European descent, but whether this applies to African children is unclear.
methodsIn a cross-sectional study, 513 apparently healthy African children aged 6 to 16 years were randomly recruited in school area of Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). SCr was measured using calibrated enzymatic method. SCr was normalized using Q-values designed for European descent children, due to the absence of Q-values for African children. Commonly used eGFR equations were applied in this population.
resultsNormalization of SCr using Q-values for European descent children was effective in this cohort. The majority of African children (93.4%) have normalized SCr (SCr/Q) values within the reference interval (0.67-1.33) of children of European descent. The bedside-Schwartz equation was associated with significant age and sex dependency. However, the FAS-Age formula showed no sex and age dependency. The new CKiDU25 equation did not show a significant sex dependency. The recently introduced EKFC and LMR18 equations also showed no age and sex dependency, although the distribution of eGFR-values was not symmetrical. On the other hand, the FAS-Height and the Schwartz-Lyon equations showed significant sex dependency but no age dependency.
conclusionsThe reference interval for SCr designed for European descent children can be applied to African children. Of all the equations studied, FAS-Age performed best and is most suitable because no height measurements are required. Establishment of specific Q-values for the widespread Jaffe-measured creatinine in Africa can further broaden applicability.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.