ArticleEClinicalMedicine2024
Development of an anxiety disorder following an emergency department visit due to cannabis use: a population-based cohort study.
Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cannabinoid modulation of central amygdala population dynamics during threat investigation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- UK Medical Cannabis Registry: an updated analysis of clinical outcomes of medicinal cannabis therapy for hypermobility-associated chronic pain.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Adolescent Cannabis Use and Risk of Psychotic, Bipolar, Depressive, and Anxiety Disorders.JAMA health forum · 2026Article
- Impact of Washout Duration to Account for Left Truncation in Register-based Epidemiologic Studies: Estimating the Risk of Mental Disorders.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Cannabis-Associated Emergencies in the Emergency Department.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2025Review
- Cannabis Use Disorder Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalizations and 5-Year Mortality.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Changes in cannabis involvement in emergency department visits for anxiety disorders after cannabis legalization: a repeated cross-sectional study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: There is ongoing uncertainty about whether cannabis use increases the risk of developing an anxiety disorder. In this study we estimated the risk of having an incident healthcare visit for an anxiety disorder following an emergency department (ED) visit for cannabis use and explored factors associated with increased risk. Methods: We used health administrative data to perform a population-based cohort study of all individuals aged 10-105 years with no previous healthcare visits for anxiety disorders in Ontario, Canada, between January 2008 and March 2019. We compared the risk of having an incident healthcare visit for an anxiety disorder in the ED or hospital (primary analysis) or additionally in an outpatient setting (secondary analysis) for individuals with an incident ED visit for cannabis to members of the general population using cumulative incidence functions and cause-specific hazard models adjusted for relevant confounders. Findings: Our study included 12,099,144 individuals aged 10-105 without prior care for an anxiety disorder in the ED or hospital, of which 34,822 (0.29%) had an incident ED visit due to cannabis. Within 3-years of an incident ED visit due to cannabis, 12.3% (n = 4294) of individuals had an incident ED visit or hospitalization for an anxiety disorder-a 3.7-fold (adjusted Hazard Ratio [aHR] 3.69 95% CI 3.57-3.82) increased risk relative to the general population (1.2%). In secondary analysis, further excluding individuals with prior outpatient care for anxiety disorders, 23.6% of individuals with an ED visit due to cannabis had an incident outpatient visit, ED visit, or hospitalization for an anxiety disorder within 3-years compared to 5.6% of individuals in the general population (aHR 3.88 95% CI 3.77-2.99). The risk of having an incident healthcare visit for an anxiety disorder was higher in individuals with ED visits for cannabis use compared to the general population across all age and sex strata. However, younger males with ED visits for cannabis use (aHR 5.67 95% CI 5.19-6.21) had a greater risk relative to the general population than younger women with cannabis use (aHR 3.22 95% CI 2.95-3.52). Interpretation: ED visits for cannabis use were associated with an increased risk of having an incident healthcare visit for an anxiety disorder, particularly in young males. These findings have important clinical and policy implications given the increasing use of cannabis over time and trend towards legalization of cannabis. Funding: Canadian Institutes for Health Research.
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Registered trials
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