ArticleVaccines2024
Evaluation of Long-Term Adaptive Immune Responses Specific to SARS-CoV-2: Effect of Various Vaccination and Omicron Exposure.
Article in Vaccines, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunogenicity of monovalent and multivalent subunit vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 variants in mice with divergent vaccination history.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Tip optofluidic immunoassay: Evaluating COVID-19 antibody protection with 1 μL fingertip blood.hLife · 2025Article
- Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Baseline Immune Profiles After Third Vaccination Associated with Subsequent SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Naïve Individuals.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Symptomatology and IgG Levels before and after SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Breakthrough Infections in Vaccinated Individuals.Vaccines · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) becomes increasingly complex as individuals receive different combinations of vaccine doses and encounter breakthrough infections. Our study focused on the immunogenicity observed over a two-year period in healthy individuals who completed a two-dose series and then experienced booster and/or Omicron infection. In June 2023, we recruited 78 healthcare workers who had previously participated in clinical research initiated in March 2021 at a single medical center in South Korea. At 1, 5, 11, and 25 months after a second dose, we assessed SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. Longitudinal monitoring revealed a significant decline in humoral immunity levels after the second vaccine dose, followed by a substantial increase post-third vaccination or breakthrough infection. In contrast, stable cellular immune responses were consistently observed, with peak humoral and cellular immune measures reached at 25 months after the second dose. Among infection-naïve participants, three-dose vaccinated individuals had decreased neutralizing activity against wild-type (WT) and negative activities against Omicron subvariants BA.2 and BA.4/5, whereas those who received a fourth dose of bivalent BNT had significantly increased neutralizing activity (
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.