ArticleViruses2024
Epidemiological and Genetic Characterization of Coxsackievirus A6-Associated Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in Gwangju, South Korea, in 2022.
Article in Viruses, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent advances on coxsackievirus A6 vaccine research.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Global epidemiological and aetiological patterns of hand, foot, and mouth disease: a country-level scoping synthesis.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- Evolutionary and molecular characteristics of high-Shannon entropy codons in VP1 of Coxsackievirus A6.The Journal of general virology · 2026Article
- A conserved VP1-286 epitope governs neutralization and immune escape in Coxsackievirus A6.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Temporal phylodynamics of Coxsackievirus A6 VP1 in Shenzhen (2022-2024).BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Epidemiological characteristics and influential factors of hand, foot, and mouth disease reinfection in Southwest China, 2009-2022.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Evaluating enterovirus diversity among symptomatic patients in Hungary during and after easing the COVID-19 lockdown.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Circulation of non-polio enteroviruses in the Ural Federal District and Western Siberia in 2023: the return of an old foe?Archives of virology · 2025Article
- Epidemiological and genetic characterizations of hand, foot, and mouth disease and acute respiratory infections due to CV-A6 infection in Henan Province, China between 2021 and 2022.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) has emerged as the predominant causative agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in young children. Since the declaration of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a global pandemic, the incidence of infectious diseases, including HFMD, has decreased markedly. When social mitigation was relaxed during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2022, the re-emergence of HFMD was observed in Gwangju, South Korea, and seasonal characteristics of the disease appeared to have changed. To investigate the molecular characteristics of enterovirus (EV) associated with HFMD during 2022, 277 specimens were collected. Children aged younger than 5 years accounted for the majority of affected individuals. EV detection and genotyping were performed using real-time RT-PCR and nested RT-PCR followed by sequence analysis. The EV detection rate was found to be 82.3%, and the main genotype identified was CV-A6. Sixteen CV-A6 samples were selected for whole genome sequencing. According to phylogenetic analysis, all CV-A6 strains from this study belonged to the sub-genotype D3 clade based on VP1 sequences. Analysis of 3D polymerase phylogeny showed that only the recombinant RF-A group was identified. In conclusion, circulating EV types should be continuously monitored to understand pathogen emergence and evolution during the post-pandemic era.
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