ReviewMicroorganisms2024
Immune Reactions of Vector Insects to Parasites and Pathogens.
Review in Microorganisms, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Evaluating paratransgenesis using engineered symbiotic bacteria for Plasmodium inhibition in mosquito vectors: A systematic review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Article
- Partial reconstitution of the prophenoloxidase activation system inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Effect of mixed infection with Trypanosoma cruzi and the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae on survival, parasitemia, and immune response in Triatoma pallidipennis (Hemiptera: Reduviidae).Journal of medical entomology · 2026Article
- Advancing Malaria Vector Control: Insights Into Mosquito Immunity and Genetic Strategies.TheScientificWorldJournal · 2026Review
- Interaction of Bacteria and Fleas, Focusing on the Plague Bacterium-A Review.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Multifaceted Defenses Against Parasitoid Wasps in Diptera.Annual review of genetics · 2025Review
- Thermal adaptation inProceedings. Biological sciences · 2025Article
- Review
- Review
- A phytoplasma effector suppresses insect melanization immune response to promote pathogen persistent transmission.Science advances · 2025Article
- Why the Jenner/Pasteur paradigm is insufficient for controlling vector-borne diseases and the role of microbiota-mediated interactions.Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2025Review
- Azadirachtin disrupts ecdysone signaling and alters sand fly immunity.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- The complexities of blood-feeding patterns in mosquitoes and sandflies and the burden of disease: A minireview.Veterinary medicine and science · 2024Review
- Interaction ofMicroorganisms · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This overview initially describes insect immune reactions and then brings together present knowledge of the interactions of vector insects with their invading parasites and pathogens. It is a way of introducing this Special Issue with subsequent papers presenting the latest details of these interactions in each particular group of vectors. Hopefully, this paper will fill a void in the literature since brief descriptions of vector immunity have now been brought together in one publication and could form a starting point for those interested and new to this important area. Descriptions are given on the immune reactions of mosquitoes, blackflies, sandflies, tsetse flies, lice, fleas and triatomine bugs. Cellular and humoral defences are described separately but emphasis is made on the co-operation of these processes in the completed immune response. The paper also emphasises the need for great care in extracting haemocytes for subsequent study as appreciation of their fragile nature is often overlooked with the non-sterile media, smearing techniques and excessive centrifugation sometimes used. The potential vital role of eicosanoids in the instigation of many of the immune reactions described is also discussed. Finally, the priming of the immune system, mainly in mosquitoes, is considered and one possible mechanism is presented.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.