ArticlePharmaceutics2024
Development and Evaluation of Two-Phase Gel Formulations for Enhanced Delivery of Active Ingredients: Sodium Diclofenac and Camphor.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preparation, characterization and in-vivo evaluation of nanoemulsion based hydrogel of ferulic acid in imiquimod-induced psoriasis in rats.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Engineering a Nanostructured Hybrid Gel System with Sodium Humate for Enhanced Wound Healing.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Article
- Comparative Evaluation of Spreadability Measurement Methods for Topical Semisolid Formulations/A Scoping Review.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Development and Evaluation of an Anti-Inflammatory Emulsion: Skin Penetration, Physicochemical Properties, and Fibroblast Viability Assessment.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Efficacy Study of Propolis Eutectic Extract in Gel Formulations for the Treatment of Bacterial Skin Diseases in Dogs.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Formulation Development of Meloxicam Binary Ethosomal Hydrogel for Topical Delivery: In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Hydrogel microspheres for osteoarthritis treatment: Fabrication strategies, smart responsiveness, and multimodal therapies.Journal of tissue engineeringReview
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The formulation of biphasic gels as potential semi-solid carriers for hydrophilic and lipophilic active substances is promising for the development of pharmaceutical preparations. The aim of this study was to design a stable bigel composition and to determine the influence of the organogel/hydrogel ratio on the gel's physical-chemical and structural-mechanical properties. The investigated compositions of organogel/hydrogel remained stable at ratios ranging from 5/95 to 40/60. After texture and microstructure analysis, bigels with 20/80 and 25/75 ratios were selected as carriers for the active ingredients, sodium diclofenac and camphor, for use as topical preparations for the treatment of muscle-joint inflammation and pain. Although other researchers have published data on the preparation and evaluation of bigels, there are no scientific results on the development of a two-phase gel with our proposed combination of APIs. Sodium diclofenac release was found to be higher when combined with camphor, which revealed the advantages of the biphasic formulation. The pseudoplastic behavior, thixotropy, and thermal stability of flow of the studied bigel samples was investigated by rheological analysis. Ongoing stability studies confirmed the minimal 6-month period.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.