ArticlePharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2024
Solubility of Poorly Soluble Drugs in Phosphatidylcholine-Based Drug Delivery Systems: Comparison of the Loading Capacity in the Bulk Formulation and Its Dispersed State.
Article in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Novel Strategies for the Formulation of Poorly Water-Soluble Drug Substances by Different Physical Modification Strategies with a Focus on Peroral Applications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Application of Solvent Evaporation to Generate Supersaturated Lipid-Based Formulations: Investigation of Drug Load and Formulation Quality.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Ceftriaxone-Loaded Liposomal Nanoparticles for Pulmonary Delivery Against Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: Development and Characterization.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Innovative Strategies and Advances in Drug Delivery Systems to Address Poor Solubility: A Comprehensive Review.Current drug targets · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the drug loading capacity of phosphatidylcholine-based formulations for four poorly water-soluble drug substances (clofazimine, fenofibrate, artemether, cannabidiol). Two self-dispersing lipid formulations were investigated, which consisted of soybean phospholipids, medium-chain triglycerides and ethanol with a different phospholipid-oil ratio. The direct loading of the bulk formulation was conducted with dual centrifugation, which proved to be a suitable method for screening experiments with the highly viscous formulations. To estimate possible precipitation after dispersion in the gastrointestinal fluids, the solubility of the drugs was investigated in the dispersed formulations. For this purpose, nanodispersions were prepared from the bulk formulations via high pressure homogenization and subsequently subjected to passive loading. A newly developed HPLC method with Charged Aerosol Detection allowed a simultaneous evaluation of the content of soybean lecithin and medium-chain triglycerides in the nanodispersions. When comparing the two phosphatidylcholine-based formulations, a high content of oil was advantageous with regard to a high loading capacity. Drug substances with melting points below 150 °C exhibited a high solubility in the phospholipid-based formulations. A surprisingly high solubility was observed for artemether and cannabidiol with up to 13.0% and 33.3% drug loaded to the formulations, respectively. In the dispersions, a similar solubility as in the bulk formulations was obtained for fenofibrate and cannabidiol. Clofazimine yielded a higher loading result in the nanodispersions than in the bulk formulation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.