Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38541643›Full record

ArticleLife (Basel, Switzerland)2024

Persistent Olfactory and Taste Dysfunction after COVID-19.

Malgorzata Buksinska, Piotr Henryk Skarzynski, Danuta Raj-Koziak, Elzbieta Gos, Malgorzata Talarek

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Life (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 35% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Classical and Speech Therapy Olfactory Training in the Treatment of COVID-19-Related Olfactory Disorders.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Nasal cytological evidence of chronic inflammation in the olfactory cleft in post-viral olfactory dysfunction.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025
    Observational
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Malgorzata BuksinskaOtorhinolaryngosurgery Clinic, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 05-830 Kajetany, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-6367-3411
Piotr Henryk SkarzynskiDepartment of Teleaudiology and Screening, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 05-830 Kajetany, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-4978-1915
Danuta Raj-KoziakTinnitus Department, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 05-830 Kajetany, Poland.
Elzbieta GosDepartment of Teleaudiology and Screening, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 05-830 Kajetany, Poland.
Malgorzata TalarekDepartment of Teleaudiology and Screening, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 05-830 Kajetany, Poland.
Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing · PLMedical University of Warsaw · PL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

(1) Background: One of the possible symptoms of COVID-19 is a sudden loss of smell and taste. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the severity of post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction (OD). A secondary aim was to assess the relationship between OD and gustatory (taste) dysfunction (GD). Margins: 2.5 cm (1 inch) at top, bottom, right, and left. (2) Methods: The study group consisted of 81 subjects (16 men and 65 women) aged between 12 and 73 years. All of the patients presented to a center for subjective OD associated with COVID-19. They were tested with a Sniffin' Sticks test (SST) for OD and a Taste Strip test (TS) for GD. (3) Anosmia was present in 18 participants (22%), hyposmia in 52 (64%), and normosmia in 11 (14%). Some 36% of the patients reported imaginary smells (phantosmia), but it did not correlate with olfactory sensitivity. Comparing the different parts of the SST showed that subjects scored lowest on the threshold part of the test. The results of the discrimination and identification parts of the test were better, implying that if the stimulus is intense enough, incorrect discrimination and identification of odors is less frequent. A sweet taste was the easiest to recognize (78% could do so), while the most difficult to recognize was salty (68%). There were weak and statistically non-significant correlations between olfactory and taste dysfunction. (4) Conclusions: The results suggest that post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction was more peripheral than central. Testing patients for the severity of post-COVID-19 OD may help clinicians treat the condition. Because there is no fully effective treatment, research on post-COVID-19 OD is needed.

Indexed as

anosmiaCOVID-19hyposomiaolfactionphantosomiasmell

Identifiers

PMID38541643
PMCPMC10970909
OpenAlexW4392239834

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.