ReviewMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2024
Amorphous Blue Phase III: Structure, Materials, and Properties.
Review in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Blue phases (BPs) have a frustrated structure stabilized by chirality-dependent defects. They are classified into three categories: blue phase I (BPI), blue phase II (BPII), and blue phase III (BPIII). Among them, BPIII has recently attracted much attention due to its elusive amorphous structure and high-contrast electro-optical response. However, its structure has remained unelucidated, and the molecular design for stabilizing BPIII is still unclear. We present the following findings in this review. (1) BPIII is a spaghetti-like tangled arrangement of double-twist cylinders with characteristic dynamics. (2) Molecular biaxiality and flexibility contribute to stabilize BPIII. (3) BPIII exhibits submillisecond response, high contrast, and wide-viewing angle at room temperature without surface treatment or an optical compensation film. It was free from both hysteresis and residual transmittance. The electro-optical effects are explained in relation to the revealed structure of BPIII. Finally, we discuss the memory effect of a polymer network derived from the defects of BPIII.
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