ReviewChildren (Basel, Switzerland)2024
The Global Occurrences of Cleft Lip and Palate in Pediatric Patients and Their Association with Demographic Factors: A Narrative Review.
Review in Children (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07557576 (Comparison of Impact of Opioid and Non-Opioid Anesthesia on Pain and Agitation Levels in Children After Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery), which is not on this map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comparison of Impact of Opioid and Non-Opioid Anesthesia on Pain and Agitation Levels in Children After Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessment of symmetry and parental satisfaction after use of customized nasal conformers in unilateral cleft lip repair: a randomized controlled clinical trial.Head & face medicine · 2025Trial
- Cleft Care India Study: A National Audit on Patients with Non-Syndromic Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: Surgical Procedures and Outcomes.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2026Article
- Application of Mobile 3D C-Arm Technology for Diagnostic Imaging of Cleft Palate in an Adult Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta).Journal of medical primatology · 2026Article
- Consensus-based detection of aetiologic copy number variants for syndromic orofacial clefts utilising whole exome sequencing of case parent trios.BMC genomic data · 2026Article
- Current Animal Models of Cleft Lip and/or Palate: A Narrative Review.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Maternal agrochemical exposure during pregnancy and risk of orofacial clefts: a case-control study in eight low- and middle-income countries.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Characterization of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Palatal Tissue of Patients with Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Early cleft lip repair in an infant with cleft lip-palate and ipsilateral microtia identified through a community outreach program.Journal of surgical case reports · 2026Article
- Comprehensive analysis ofmedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Prevalence of orofacial cleft and its associated factors among newborns in Kembata zone, central Ethiopia 2024.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Consensus-based Detection of Aetiologic Copy Number Variants For Syndromic Orofacial Clefts Utilising Whole Exome Sequencing of Case Parent Trios.Research square · 2026Article
- It's Time to Define the Global Burden of Velopharyngeal Insufficiency.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2026Article
- Leveraging the genetics of human face shape boosts the discovery of orofacial cleft risk loci.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Information Needs of Australian Families Living with Craniosynostosis: A Qualitative Study.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2026Article
- In vitro Assessment of Open-Access Digital Workflow for Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dentistry · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence applications in the diagnosis and management of cleft lip and palate: An updated review.Journal of dental sciences · 2026Review
- DNA methylation as a biomarker of prenatal exposures: current challenges and opportunities.Environmental epigenetics · 2026Review
- Quality of life in patients with craniofacial anomalies: personal experience and review of literature.Medicine and pharmacy reports · 2026Article
- Article
- The Role of Appearance in Peer Interactions for Early Adolescent Cleft Lip and Palate Patients Post-Repair.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveOrofacial clefts are one of the most common abnormalities that occur in the orofacial area. Due to their high prevalence, special attention provided to risk factors and their possible involvement in the occurrence of orofacial clefts is of importance. The objective of this study was to review the current global occurrence of orofacial clefts and the possible linkage of previously investigated risk factors to the occurrence of orofacial clefts. REVIEW: The risk factors of orofacial clefts can be classified into two groups, modifiable risk factors and non-modifiable risk factors. Due to the extent of elaboration of each risk factor in each group, this current narrative review is limited to several mostly investigated risk factors, which included a review of parental age, sexual disparities, educational attainment, and income. Studies indicate that Asians are more likely than other races to have orofacial clefts, with a higher incidence rate in men than in women. There is evidence that the age of the parents is associated with the chance of the occurrence of orofacial cleft. The prevention of orofacial clefts and the distribution of medical resources depend heavily on a thorough understanding of epidemiology on a global scale. Nevertheless, the earlier studies concentrated on more developed nations or areas, and registry data from low-income nations had significant gaps. The findings of this narrative review can be used as the scientific basis for further research within this area.
conclusionThe occurrence rate of orofacial clefts remains high in several regions. Possible associations between parental age, sexual disparities, educational attainment, and family income to the occurrence of orofacial clefts remain contradictory, indicating the importance of further research to obtain more insights.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.