Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38538751›Full record

Observational studyScientific reports2024

An observational analysis of frailty in combination with loneliness or social isolation and their association with socioeconomic deprivation, hospitalisation and mortality among UK Biobank participants.

Marina Politis, Lynsay Crawford, Bhautesh D Jani, Barbara I Nicholl, Jim Lewsey, David A McAllister, Frances S Mair, Peter Hanlon

Open access · goldAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.4field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Marina PolitisSchool of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Clarice Pears Building, Byres Road, Glasgow, UK.
Lynsay CrawfordSchool of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Clarice Pears Building, Byres Road, Glasgow, UK.
Bhautesh D JaniSchool of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Clarice Pears Building, Byres Road, Glasgow, UK.
Barbara I NichollSchool of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Clarice Pears Building, Byres Road, Glasgow, UK.
Jim LewseySchool of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Clarice Pears Building, Byres Road, Glasgow, UK.
David A McAllisterSchool of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Clarice Pears Building, Byres Road, Glasgow, UK.
Frances S MairSchool of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Clarice Pears Building, Byres Road, Glasgow, UK.
Peter HanlonSchool of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Clarice Pears Building, Byres Road, Glasgow, UK. peter.hanlon@glasgow.ac.uk.
University of Glasgow · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/S021949/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Frailty, social isolation, and loneliness have individually been associated with adverse health outcomes. This study examines how frailty in combination with loneliness or social isolation is associated with socioeconomic deprivation and with all-cause mortality and hospitalisation rate in a middle-aged and older population. Baseline data from 461,047 UK Biobank participants (aged 37-73) were used to assess frailty (frailty phenotype), social isolation, and loneliness. Weibull models assessed the association between frailty in combination with loneliness or social isolation and all-cause mortality adjusted for age/sex/smoking/alcohol/socioeconomic-status and number of long-term conditions. Negative binomial regression models assessed hospitalisation rate. Frailty prevalence was 3.38%, loneliness 4.75% and social isolation 9.04%. Frailty was present across all ages and increased with age. Loneliness and social isolation were more common in younger participants compared to older. Co-occurrence of frailty and loneliness or social isolation was most common in participants with high socioeconomic deprivation. Frailty was associated with increased mortality and hospitalisation regardless of social isolation/loneliness. Hazard ratios for mortality were 2.47 (2.27-2.69) with social isolation and 2.17 (2.05-2.29) without social isolation, 2.14 (1.92-2.38) with loneliness and 2.16 (2.05-2.27) without loneliness. Loneliness and social isolation were associated with mortality and hospitalisation in robust participants, but this was attenuated in the context of frailty. Frailty and loneliness/social isolation affect individuals across a wide age spectrum and disproportionately co-occur in areas of high deprivation. All were associated with adverse outcomes, but the association between loneliness and social isolation and adverse outcomes was attenuated in the context of frailty. Future interventions should target people living with frailty or loneliness/social isolation, regardless of age.

Indexed as

FrailtyLonelinessAgedBiological Specimen BanksHumansMiddle AgedSocial IsolationSocioeconomic FactorsUK BiobankFrailtyHospitalisationLonelinessMortalitySocial isolation

Identifiers

PMID38538751
PMCPMC10973409
OpenAlexW4393224995

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.