Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38536834›Full record

ArticlePloS one2024

Keeping university open did not increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 acquisition: A test negative case-control study among students.

Erika Renzi, Valentina Baccolini, Antonio Covelli, Leonardo Maria Siena, Antonio Sciurti, Giuseppe Migliara, Azzurra Massimi, Carolina Marzuillo, Corrado De Vito, Leandro Casini and 7 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Erika RenziDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9760-0245
Valentina BaccoliniDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Antonio CovelliDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Leonardo Maria SienaDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Antonio SciurtiDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Giuseppe MigliaraDepartment of Life Sciences, Health and Health Professions, Link Campus University, Rome, Italy.
Azzurra MassimiDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Carolina MarzuilloDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Corrado De VitoDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Leandro CasiniSpecial Office for Prevention, Protection and H&S Overall Supervisory, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4953-8169
Antonio AngeloniDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Ombretta TurrizianiDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Guido AntonelliDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Fabrizio D'AlbaUniversity Hospital "Policlinico Umberto I", Rome, Italy.
Antonella PolimeniDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Collaborating Group
Paolo VillariDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Sapienza University of Rome · ITPoliclinico Umberto I · ITLink Campus University · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDuring the SARS-CoV-2 testing program offered through the RT-PCR test by Sapienza University of Rome, we conducted a test-negative case-control study to identify risk factors for acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection among university students.

methodsEach SARS-CoV-2-positive case detected was matched to two controls randomly selected from students who tested negative on the same day. 122 positive students and 244 negative students were enrolled in the study. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were built. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. A second model was limited to students who had attended campus.

resultsOut of 8223 tests for SARS-CoV-2, 173 students tested positive (2.1%), of whom 122 (71.5%) were included in the case-control study. In the first analysis, being a non-Italian student (aOR: 8.93, 95% CI: 2.71-29.41), having received only the primary vaccination course (aOR: 2.94, 95% CI: 1.24-6.96) compared to the booster dose, known exposure to a COVID-19 case or someone with signs/symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 (aOR: 6.51, 95% CI: 3.48-12.18), and visiting discos (aOR: 4.07, 95% CI: 1.52-10.90) in the two weeks before testing increased the likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conversely, students attending in-person lectures on campus seemed less likely to become infected (aOR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.15-0.77). No association was found with other variables. The results of the second model were comparable to the first analysis.

conclusionsThis study indicates that if universities adopt strict prevention measures, it is safe for students to attend, even in the case of an infectious disease epidemic.

Indexed as

COVID-19SARS-CoV-2Case-Control StudiesCOVID-19 TestingHumansRisk FactorsStudentsUniversities

Identifiers

PMID38536834
PMCPMC10971765
OpenAlexW4393218817

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.