Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38536733›Full record

ArticleThe American journal of occupational therapy : official publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association2024

Challenging Norms: The Impact of Transgender and Gender-Diverse Realities on Work and School Participation.

Tracy Becerra-Culqui, Daniel Swiatek, Bernadine Dizon, Darios Getahun, Michael Silverberg, Qi Zhang, Theresa Im, Michael Goodman

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in The American journal of occupational therapy : official publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Tracy Becerra-CulquiTracy Becerra-Culqui, PhD, MPH, OT/L, is Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, California State University Dominguez Hills, Carson; tbecerraculqui@csudh.edu.
Daniel SwiatekDaniel Swiatek, OTD, OTR/L, is Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, California State University Dominguez Hills, Carson.
Bernadine DizonBernadine Dizon, MPH, is Research Associate IV, Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena.
Darios GetahunDarios Getahun, MD, PhD, MPH, is Research Scientist II, Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, and Associate Professor, Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA.
Michael SilverbergMichael Silverberg, PhD, MPH, is Research Scientist, Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, and Professor, Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA.
Qi ZhangQi Zhang, MSPH, is PhD Student, Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
Theresa ImTheresa Im, MPH, is Research Project Manager, Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena.
Michael GoodmanMichael Goodman, MD, MPH, is Professor, Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.

Funding

Cohort study of mortality and morbidity in transgender personsR21HD076387 · NICHD · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI GOODMAN, MICHAEL · 2013 to 2014
$451k
NICHD NIH HHS R21 HD076387
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

importanceDisruption in school and the workplace are health concerns for transgender people.

objectiveTo evaluate transgender individuals' thoughts and comfort with how others perceive their gender identity (social affirmation) and its association with outness in the workplace and mistreatment at work or school.

designCross-sectional survey.

participantsSurvey respondents older than age 18 yr from the Study of Transition, Outcomes & Gender cohort (N = 696; n = 350 assigned male at birth, n = 346 assigned female at birth [AFAB]). OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Ever "out" to employer and treated unfairly at work or school or fired from job. Predictors were high social affirmation and comfort with how others perceive own gender identity. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used for analyses.

resultsIndividuals reporting high social affirmation were less likely to experience mistreatment at work or school than those with low social affirmation (odds ratio [OR] = 0.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.38, 0.86]). Individuals AFAB who felt comfortable with how others perceived their gender identity were less likely to be out to their employers than individuals AFAB who did not (OR = 0.45; 95% CI [0.20, 0.97]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Individuals with high social affirmation were less likely to experience work or school mistreatment, and feeling comfortable with how others perceive their gender identity did not signify the need to be out. Plain-Language Summary: Occupational therapy practitioners can play a pivotal role when working with transgender individuals by assisting in creating new routines for self-presentation at work or school, navigating social environments, and providing guidance in self-advocacy skills. Individuals assigned male at birth may be in greater need because they report lower levels of social affirmation and acceptance at school and work than individuals assigned female at birth.

Indexed as

Transgender PersonsAdolescentAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGender IdentityHumansMaleMiddle AgedSchoolsSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID38536733
PMCPMC11117465

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.