ReviewAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2024
Post-Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic Antimicrobial Resistance.
Review in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Infectious Diseases Consultations as Markers of Hospital Workflow and Care Complexity.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- TraN variants mediate conjugation species specificity of IncA/C, IncH, andJournal of bacteriology · 2026Article
- Investigation of antibiotic resistance against pathogens isolated from respiratory samples in intensive care units after SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Antimicrobial Resistance Trends in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital: A Ten-Year Surveillance Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Incidence and Risk Factors of Secondary Infections in Critically Ill SARS-CoV-2 Patients: A Retrospective Study in an Intensive Care Unit.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial resistance in the Nordics: mapping existing surveillance systems and assessing the impact of COVID-19 using regression models.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2025Article
- Personalized Microbiome Modulation to Improve Clinical Outcomes in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Multi-Omics and Interventional Approach.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Bypassing Evolution of Bacterial Resistance to Phages: The Example of Hyper-Aggressive Phage 0524phi7-1.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Citizen Science to Raise Antimicrobial Resistance Awareness in the Community: The MicroMundo Project in Spain and Portugal.Microbial biotechnology · 2025Review
- Risk factors for infection after carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii colonization.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2024Observational
- Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Pathogens Isolated from Pediatric Patients during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Profile of Bacterial Infections in a Burn Unit during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic Period.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Rapid Phenotypic and Genotypic Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Approaches for Use in the Clinical Laboratory.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Change in Diagnosis ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a chronic issue of our Westernized society, mainly because of the uncontrolled and improper use of antimicrobials. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has triggered and expanded AMR diffusion all over the world, and its clinical and therapeutic features have changed. Thus, we aimed to review evidence from the literature on the definition and causative agents of AMR in the frame of the COVID-19 post-pandemic era.
methodsWe conducted a search on PubMed and Medline for original articles, reviews, meta-analyses, and case series using the following keywords, their acronyms, and their associations: antibiotics, antimicrobial resistance, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), COVID-19 pandemic, personal protective equipment.
resultsAMR had a significant rise in incidence both in in-hospital and outpatient populations (ranging from 5 up to 50%) worldwide, but with a variegated profile according to the germ and microorganism considered. Not only bacteria but also fungi have developed more frequent and diffuse AMR. These findings are explained by the increased use and misuse of antibiotics and preventive measures during the first waves of the SARS-CoV2 pandemic, especially in hospitalized patients. Subsequently, the reduction in and end of the lockdown and the use of personal protective equipment have allowed for the indiscriminate circulation of resistant microorganisms from low-income countries to the rest of the world with the emergence of new multi- and polyresistant organisms. However, there is not a clear association between COVID-19 and AMR changes in the post-pandemic period.
conclusionsAMR in some microorganisms has significantly increased and changed its characteristics during and after the end of the pandemic phase of COVID-19. An integrated supranational monitoring approach to this challenge is warranted in the years to come. In detail, a rational, personalized, and regulated use of antibiotics and antimicrobials is needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.