Grey Wolf Optimizer with Behavior Considerations and Dimensional Learning in Three-Dimensional Tooth Model Reconstruction.

Ritipong Wongkhuenkaew, Sansanee Auephanwiriyakul, Marasri Chaiworawitkul, Nipon Theera-Umpon, Uklid Yeesarapat

Open access · goldAbstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

2citing papers in PubMed

0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

An adaptive oppositional grey wolf optimizer for complex engineering problems.Scientific reports · 2026
Article
Dynamic multi-strategy Grey Wolf optimizer and its applications.Scientific reports · 2026
Article

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Ritipong WongkhuenkaewDepartment of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Institute, Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.ORCID 0009-0001-2426-0347

Sansanee AuephanwiriyakulDepartment of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Excellence Center in Infrastructure Technology and Transportation Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Institute, Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.ORCID 0000-0002-6639-7165

Marasri ChaiworawitkulOrthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.

Nipon Theera-UmponDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Institute, Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.ORCID 0000-0002-2951-9610

Uklid YeesarapatDepartment of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Empress Dental Care Clinic, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.

Chiang Mai University · TH

Funding

Thailand Research Fund under the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Program PHD-0170-2558

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Three-dimensional registration with the affine transform is one of the most important steps in 3D reconstruction. In this paper, the modified grey wolf optimizer with behavior considerations and dimensional learning (BCDL-GWO) algorithm as a registration method is introduced. To refine the 3D registration result, we incorporate the iterative closet point (ICP). The BCDL-GWO with ICP method is implemented on the scanned commercial orthodontic tooth and regular tooth models. Since this is a registration from multi-views of optical images, the hierarchical structure is implemented. According to the results for both models, the proposed algorithm produces high-quality 3D visualization images with the smallest mean squared error of about 7.2186 and 7.3999 μm

Indexed as

3D image registration3D tooth model reconstructiongrey wolf optimizer (GWO)hierarchical registrationiterative closest point (ICP)oral healthcare

Identifiers

PMID38534528

DOI10.3390/bioengineering11030254

PMCPMC10968360

OpenAlexW4392470772

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.