ArticleDermatopathology (Basel, Switzerland)2024
Cutaneous Reactions after COVID-19 Vaccines: Analysis of the Clinical and Histopathological Spectrum-Case Series and Review of the Literature.
Article in Dermatopathology (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
(1) Background: Various cutaneous adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are observed with the implementation of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. To gain insight into the clinicopathologic features, we analyzed the correlation of histological and clinical data in 48 patients with these ADRs. (2) Methods: Single-center retrospective study in patients with ADRs after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination (mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 vaccines). (3) Results: Distant generalized ADRs prevailed (91%), often appearing clinically as spongiotic dermatitis or maculopapular exanthema. Histopathological analysis revealed spongiotic changes (46%) and dermal superficial perivascular predominantly lymphocytic infiltrates (17%). Eosinophils were found in 66% of biopsies, neutrophils in 29%, and plasma cells only in 8% of biopsies. Most ADRs occurred after the second vaccine dose (44%). Histologically spongiotic changes were associated with clinical features of spongiotic dermatitis in only 50% of patients and maculopapular exanthema in the remaining patients. ADRs represented an aggravation of preexisting skin disease in 23% of patients. ADRs regressed within 28 days or less in 53% of patients and persisted beyond a month in the remaining patients. (4) Conclusions: Our study demonstrates a diverse spectrum of generalized ADRs, revealing correlations between histology and clinical features but also instances of divergence. Interestingly, in about half of our patients, ADRs were self-limited, whereas ADRs extended beyond a month in the other half.
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