Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38530528›Full record

ArticleAnnals of surgical oncology2024

Distribution of Perigastric Station 4d Lymph Nodes in Vascularized Gastroepiploic Lymph Node Transfer: An Anatomic Study and Case Series.

Hyokyung Yoo, Ki Yong Hong, Sally Min, Hye Seung Lee, Do-Joong Park, Yi-Suk Kim, Seong-Ho Kong, Hak Chang

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Article in Annals of surgical oncology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. [Advances in intra-abdominal vascularized lymph node transfer for treatment of limb lymphedema].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Modern approaches to lymphatic surgery: a narrative review.Translational breast cancer research : a journal focusing on translational research in breast cancer · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Hyokyung Yoo *Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Ki Yong Hong *Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Sally MinDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Hye Seung LeeDepartment of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Do-Joong ParkDepartment of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Yi-Suk Kim *Department of Anatomy, Catholic Institute for Applied Anatomy, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
Seong-Ho Kong *Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Hak Chang *Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. prshchang@gmail.com.
Seoul National University Hospital · KRCatholic University of Korea · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVascularized gastroepiploic lymph node transfer (VGLNT) is a well-accepted surgical treatment for restoring physiological function in chronic lymphedema. However, the inclusion of substantial lymph nodes (LNs) in the flap remains uncertain. This study aimed to identify the anatomical basis for reliable flap harvest for VGLNT. PATIENTS AND

methodsThe anatomy of perigastric station 4d LNs was studied in healthy cadavers (n = 15) and patients with early gastric cancer (EGC) (n = 27). The omentum was divided into three segments: proximal, middle, and distal from the origin of the right gastroepiploic vessels. The flap dimension, number, location, size of LNs, and caliber of the vessels were reviewed. Eight patients underwent VGLNT for upper/lower limb lymphedema.

resultsThe mean numbers of LNs in the proximal, middle, and distal segment were 2.5, 1.4, 0.5 in the cadavers, and 4.9, 2.7, 0.7 in the gastrectomy specimens, respectively. The proximal third included a significantly greater number of LNs than the distal third in the cadaveric (p = 0.024) and ECG (p = 0.016) specimens. A total of 95% of the LNs were located within proximal two-thirds of the flap from the vessel origin both in the cadavers (21.0 × 5.0 cm) and in the gastrectomy specimens (20 × 3.5 cm). In VGLNT, the transferred flap was 25.5 ± 6.9 × 4.1 + 0.7 cm in dimension, containing a mean number of 6.5 ± 1.9 LNs. At postoperative 6 months, the volumetric difference was significantly reduced by 22.8 ± 9.2% (p < 0.001).

conclusionsThis study provides a distinct distribution pattern of station 4d LNs. Inclusion of the proximal two-thirds of the flap, which carries majority of the LNs, is recommended for VGLNT.

Indexed as

CadaverGastrectomyLymphedemaLymph NodesStomach NeoplasmsSurgical FlapsAdultAgedCase-Control StudiesFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGastroepiploic ArteryHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisAnatomyCase seriesFree tissue flapsLymphedemaLymph nodesOmentum

Identifiers

PMID38530528
OpenAlexW4393191160

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.