Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38529836›Full record

ArticleVeterinary ophthalmology2025

Comparison of conjunctival pedicle flap to corneal fixation strength achieved by Tisseel® fibrin glue, ethyl cyanoacrylate adhesive, ReSure® hydrogel sealant, and conventional suturing with 8-0 VICRYL® ophthalmic suture.

Elodie M VerHulst, Roxanne M Rodriguez Galarza, Ian P Herring, Renata Velloso Ramos, Andrew R Kemper

Open access · hybridAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Veterinary ophthalmology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Elodie M VerHulstDepartment of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9760-5430
Roxanne M Rodriguez GalarzaDepartment of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6151-246X
Ian P HerringDepartment of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
Renata Velloso RamosDepartment of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
Andrew R KemperDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, College of Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
Virginia–Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine · US

Funding

Veterinary Memorial Fund 444656
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo determine and compare the fixation strength of conjunctival pedicle flaps to cornea achieved via conventional ophthalmic suture and three different adhesive compounds. ANIMALS STUDIED: Ex vivo porcine globes. PROCEDURES: Following a 6 mm wide 500-micron-restricted depth lamellar keratectomy, conjunctival pedicle flaps were secured to the keratectomy site with either 8-0 VICRYL® suture or one of three adhesive products, including Tisseel® bioadhesive, ReSure® synthetic adhesive, or ethyl cyanoacrylate adhesive (n = 10 per surgical group). Adhesive application protocol varied by product based upon adhesive biocompatibility. Corneoconjunctival tissues were then harvested, clamped in a tensile testing device, and loaded at a rate of 1 mm/s under video surveillance until the point of failure. Peak load was determined for each test and used to compare fixation strength between samples.

resultsForty conjunctival flaps were performed, with 6 omitted from evaluation due to dehiscence prior to tensile testing. Of the 34 flaps analyzed, 10 were secured with suture, 10 with cyanoacrylate, 8 with ReSure®, and 6 with Tisseel®. Flaps secured with suture withstood significantly higher applied tensile force compared with cyanoacrylate (p = .02474), ReSure® (p = .00000), and Tisseel® (p = .00002). Flaps secured with cyanoacrylate withstood significantly greater force than those secured with ReSure® and Tisseel® (p = .01194 and 0.01798, respectively). There was no significant difference in fixation strength between ReSure® and Tisseel® glue (p = .95675).

conclusionsConjunctival pedicle flap fixation using 8-0 VICRYL® suture fixation was able to withstand significantly greater maximum tensile force compared to ReSure®, Tisseel®, or cyanoacrylate adhesives. Fixation strength achieved with cyanoacrylate adhesive was significantly greater than that achieved with ReSure® or Tisseel®.

Indexed as

ConjunctivaCorneaFibrin Tissue AdhesiveSurgical FlapsSuture TechniquesTissue AdhesivesAnimalsCyanoacrylatesSuturesSwineTensile StrengthCyanoacrylatesFibrin Tissue AdhesiveTissue Adhesivesconjunctival flapcorneacyanoacrylatefibrin adhesivefixationhydrogel

Identifiers

PMID38529836
PMCPMC11911985
OpenAlexW4393199908

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.