ArticleEuropean journal of heart failure2024
Pre-diagnostic free androgen and estradiol levels influence heart failure risk in both women and men: A prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank.
Article in European journal of heart failure, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gender-Specific Associations Between Sex Hormones and Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Pooled it
- The Intersection of Androgens and Cardiovascular Disease in Postmenopausal Women.Current cardiology reports · 2026Review
- Sex differences in cardiovascular‑kidney‑metabolic syndrome: From pathogenesis to treatment response (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Bridging metabolism and immuno-inflammation: a novel framework to characterize dilated cardiomyopathy subtype.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- LncRNA Foxo6os as a Novel " Scaffold" Mediates MYBPC3 in Combating Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Hormone Replacement Therapy and Cardiovascular Health in Postmenopausal Women.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Sex Differences in Heart Failure: A Step Forward.Interventional cardiology (London, England) · 2025Review
- Associations Between Mosaic Loss of Sex Chromosomes and Incident Hospitalization for Atrial Fibrillation in the United Kingdom.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Associations between mosaic loss of sex chromosomes and incident hospitalization for atrial fibrillation in the United Kingdom.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Regional differences in heart failure risk in the United Kingdom are partially explained by biological aging.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimsSerum sex hormones have been linked to cardiovascular disease risk. However, their roles in the pathogenesis of heart failure (HF) in both men and women are unclear. We investigated the associations between free androgen, testosterone, and estradiol, and future risk of HF. METHODS AND
resultsThis prospective cohort study evaluated UK Biobank participants free of prevalent cardiovascular disease and HF at baseline. Unitless free androgen, testosterone, and estradiol indices were generated using serum concentrations of total testosterone (nmol/L), estradiol (pmol/L), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG, nmol/L), and albumin (g/L) in blood collected at enrolment. Multivariable Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident HF in relation to quartiles (Q) of free androgen (FAI), testosterone (FTI), estradiol (FEI) indices, and potential confounders. There were 180 712 men (including 5585 HF cases with FAI and 571 HF cases with FEI), and 177 324 women (including 2858 HF cases with FAI and 314 HF cases with FEI) with complete data. Increased FAI was associated with decreased HF risk in both men (HR
conclusionsSex hormones potentially influence HF pathogenesis and may offer pathways for interventions.
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Registered trials
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