ArticleNursing research
Informal Family Care Partner Well-Being Is Diminished in End-Stage Liver Disease.
Article in Nursing research. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Balancing hope and uncertainty: family perspectives on lung transplantation in cystic fibrosis - a qualitative study.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2026Article
- Palliative Care in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: A Scoping Review of Identification, Interventions, and Implementation Barriers and Facilitators.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- "I am nurse, I am partner, I am cook - I am everything..." roles and functions of relatives in supporting therapy adherence and abstinence in patients with alcohol-related liver cirrhosis prior to listing for liver transplantation: a qualitative analysis.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundChronic liver disease is a significant global neglected public health problem. End-stage liver disease is associated with substantial symptom complexity, disability, and care needs that require assistance from informal family care partners. Research on these care partners' caregiver burden or strain, symptoms, and quality of life is sparse and has not focused on these variables as co-occurring or in the context of the quality of the relationship care partners have with the patients.
objectivesThe purpose of this study was to provide a collective presentation of patterns and determinants of well-being as measured by caregiver strain, depression, sleep, and quality of life in a cohort of informal family care partners for adult outpatients with end-stage liver disease.
methodsCare partners (aged >18 years) were recruited from two liver clinics within two tertiary healthcare systems and invited to complete a cross-sectional survey. They completed the Multidimensional Caregiver Strain Index, Patient Health Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Short Form Health Survey, and Mutuality Scale. Descriptive statistics and latent class mixture modeling were used to analyze these data.
resultsThe sample was predominantly female and White. The well-being of care partners was diminished. Three distinct classes of well-being were identified: mildly diminished (53.2%), moderately diminished (39.0%), and severely diminished (7.8%). Those at a greater risk of worse well-being were younger and spouses and had poorer relationship quality with the patients. DISCUSSION: To improve the well-being of care partners in moderately and severely diminished classes, assessing and addressing caregiver strain and co-occurring symptoms is essential. Addressing the strain and symptoms has the potential to maintain or optimize care partners' ability to provide care to patients. Future researchers should include longitudinal and dyadic studies to examine how patients' disease progression and symptoms may affect family care partners' well-being and vice versa.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.