ArticleAIDS and behavior2024
HIV-related Shame among Women Giving Birth in Tanzania: A Mixed Methods Study.
Article in AIDS and behavior, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05271903 (A Simulation and Experiential Learning Intervention for Labor and Delivery Providers to Address HIV Stigma During Childbirth in Tanzania), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The trial behind it
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A Simulation and Experiential Learning Intervention for Labor and Delivery Providers to Address HIV Stigma During Childbirth in Tanzania
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impact of HIV-related stigma on quality of life among people with HIV: evidence from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.AIDS care · 2026Article
- Participatory simulation training design: The MAMA interprofessional team-training program for obstetric care of pregnant individuals living with HIV in Tanzania.Evaluation and program planning · 2025Article
- The Childbirth Experience of Pregnant Women Living with HIV Virus.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Interpersonal relations of pregnant women post-HIV diagnosis in Thembisile Hani, South Africa.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Women living with HIV (WLHIV) commonly experience HIV-related shame which can interfere with HIV care-seeking behavior and lead to poor clinical outcomes. HIV-related shame may be particularly heightened during the pregnancy and postpartum periods. This study aimed to describe HIV-related shame among WLHIV giving birth, identify associated factors, and qualitatively examine the impacts of HIV-related shame on the childbirth experience. Postpartum WLHIV (n = 103) were enrolled in the study between March and July 2022 at six clinics in the Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania. Participants completed a survey within 48 h after birth, prior to being discharged. The survey included a 13-item measure of HIV-related shame, which assessed levels of HIV-related shame (Range: 0-52). Univariable and multivariable regression models examined factors associated with HIV-related shame. Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with pregnant WLHIV (n = 12) and postpartum WLHIV (n = 12). Thematic analysis, including memo writing, coding, and synthesis, was employed to analyze the qualitative data. The survey sample had a mean age of 29.1 (SD = 5.7), and 52% were diagnosed with HIV during the current pregnancy. Nearly all participants (98%) endorsed at least one item reflecting HIV-related shame, with an average endorsement of 9 items (IQR = 6). In the final multivariable model, HIV-related shame was significantly associated with being Muslim vs. Christian (ß = 6.80; 95%CI: 1.51, 12.09), attending less than four antenatal care appointments (ß = 5.30; 95%CI: 0.04, 10.55), and reporting experiences of HIV stigma in the health system (ß = 0.69; 95%CI: 0.27, 1.12). Qualitative discussions revealed three key themes regarding the impact of HIV-related shame on the childbirth experience: reluctance to disclose HIV status, suboptimal adherence to care, and the influence on social support networks. WLHIV giving birth experience high rates of HIV-related shame, and social determinants may contribute to feelings of shame. HIV-related shame impacts the childbirth experience for WLHIV, making the labor and delivery setting an important site for intervention and support.The study is funded by the National Institutes of Health (R21 TW012001) and is registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05271903).
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