Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38522024›Full record

ArticleAlcohol, clinical & experimental research2024

"Everybody needs to find the best path for them": Insights into recovery strategies of people who have not used specialty treatment for alcohol use disorder.

Loulwa Soweid, Paul A Gilbert, Gaurab Maharjan, Paul J Holdefer, Sydney Evans, Nina Mulia

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Alcohol, clinical & experimental research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Loulwa SoweidDepartment of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4240-5989
Paul A GilbertDepartment of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0626-642X
Gaurab MaharjanDepartment of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Paul J HoldeferDepartment of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Sydney EvansDepartment of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Nina MuliaAlcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5847-9697

Funding

TREND &STRUCTURE OF ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE--GENERAL POPULATION 1990 SURVEY DATAP50AA005595 · NIAAA · WESTERN CONSORTIUM FOR PUBLIC HEALTH · PI LUI, CAMILLIA K. · 1985 to 2025
$34.1M
Recovery Definitions and Behavior Change Processes in Recovery outside of TreatmentR01AA027266 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI GILBERT, PAUL A., ZEMORE, SARAH E. · 2019 to 2023
$2.3M
NIAAA NIH HHS P50 AA005595NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA027266NIH HHS P50AA005595NIH HHS R01AA027266
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMost people with alcohol use disorder (AUD) do not use treatment services, yet the majority ultimately resolve their AUD. As the phenomenon of untreated recovery remains poorly understood, we investigated the strategies used for recovery without treatment.

methodsWe conducted semi-structured interviews with 65 adults (27 women, 37 White) with resolved AUD and no history of using specialty services (e.g., inpatient or outpatient rehabilitation, medication-assisted treatment). Using both inductive and deductive coding, we identified and elaborated themes and meanings. We verified our findings through nine member-check sessions with interviewers and interview participants.

resultsMajorities of interview participants met criteria for severe lifetime AUD (84.6%), were in long-term recovery (>5 years; 81.5%), and indicated abstinence was their recovery goal (56.9%). Close to half (41.5%) had attended mutual-help groups (e.g., Alcoholics Anonymous). We identified five active strategies (Changing Contexts, Social Connections. Activities, Substitution, and Other Strategies) and four additional factors (Mutual-help Groups, Self-Reliance, Spirituality, and Aging/Maturing) that contributed to their recovery. Most participants employed multiple strategies and were intentional in adopting the ones that best suited them. By far, the two most common strategies were Changing Contexts (reported by 69.2% of participants) whereby people reduced their alcohol exposure by modifying social networks or physical settings and relying on Social Connections (reported by 67.7%), especially connections to people with similar lived experiences and struggles. Notably, Social Connections and Mutual-Help groups were the themes most often discussed jointly. Among other contributing factors mentioned, Spirituality appeared to play an important, but not universal, role as it was invoked by approximately half (49.2%) of participants.

conclusionsOur study confirms that recovery without specialty treatment is possible, and that multiple strategies and contributing factors help to achieve it. These findings may inform novel interventions to support recovery among people unwilling or unable to obtain treatment for AUD.

Indexed as

12‐step groupsalcohol use disorderqualitativerecoveryuntreated

Identifiers

PMID38522024
PMCPMC12879724

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.