ReviewCell death and differentiation2024
Diverse functions of cytochrome c in cell death and disease.
Review in Cell death and differentiation, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 104 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
104 citing papers in PubMed, 128 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ionomycin enhances radiosensitivity in breast cancer through reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening.Medical gas research · 2026Article
- A Divergent Mitochondrial Cytochrome c in Malaria Parasites With an Anomalously Low Redox Potential.Journal of molecular biology · 2026Article
- Programmed cell death in metabolic syndrome: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Reprogramming of cell death in gastric cancer: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic potential (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Bacterial Cytochrome C Orchestrates Larval Metamorphosis Through Bioelectrical Control of Extracellular Vesicles Biogenesis.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Evasion of cell death despite mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization: an oncogenic outcome of apoptosis.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Review
- Metabolic Activation-Dependent Anti-Liver Cancer Activity and Organ-Specific Toxicity of Retrorsine From Fanhuncao (Jacobaea cannabifolia and J. litvinovii).Archiv der Pharmazie · 2026Article
- Dying for Clarity: Common Pitfalls in Cardiac Cell Death Research.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2026Article
- Dimerization-induced conformational transitions of yeast iso-1 cytochromeMagnetic resonance letters · 2026Article
- 10-Gingerol Alleviates Arsenic Trioxide-Induced Cardiotoxicity: Mechanisms Involving the PI3K/AKT Pathway Revealed by Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Broadband electronic resonance coherent anti-Stokes/Stokes Raman scattering microscopy.Science advances · 2026Article
- LyP vs advanced-stage CTCLs: single-cell profiling reveals markers of self-limited vs aggressive disease behavior.Blood advances · 2026Article
- The Role of Apoptosis and Ferroptosis in Primary Mitochondrial Diseases: Mechanisms and Pathogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- α7nAChR agonist GTS-21 ameliorates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury via MEF2/PGC-1α/HO-1 axis in mice.Clinical and translational medicine · 2026Article
- Ginkgolide A enhances cardiomyocyte differentiation from pluripotent stem cells by targeting cytochrome c to attenuate intrinsic apoptosis.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial lipid remodeling in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: a cardiolipin-centered convergence framework.Archives of toxicology · 2026Review
- Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM): roles in innate immunity dysregulation.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Article
- Mitochondrial Dysfunction as a Driver of Neurodegeneration in Parkinson's and Huntington's Disease: Molecular Insights and Emerging Interventions.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Oxidative stress-mediated DNA fragmentation involved in STING-dependent apoptosis in human keratinocytes by 5-amino-2-methylphenol under ambient UVB exposure.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
44 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The redox-active protein cytochrome c is a highly positively charged hemoglobin that regulates cell fate decisions of life and death. Under normal physiological conditions, cytochrome c is localized in the mitochondrial intermembrane space, and its distribution can extend to the cytosol, nucleus, and extracellular space under specific pathological or stress-induced conditions. In the mitochondria, cytochrome c acts as an electron carrier in the electron transport chain, facilitating adenosine triphosphate synthesis, regulating cardiolipin peroxidation, and influencing reactive oxygen species dynamics. Upon cellular stress, it can be released into the cytosol, where it interacts with apoptotic peptidase activator 1 (APAF1) to form the apoptosome, initiating caspase-dependent apoptotic cell death. Additionally, following exposure to pro-apoptotic compounds, cytochrome c contributes to the survival of drug-tolerant persister cells. When translocated to the nucleus, it can induce chromatin condensation and disrupt nucleosome assembly. Upon its release into the extracellular space, cytochrome c may act as an immune mediator during cell death processes, highlighting its multifaceted role in cellular biology. In this review, we explore the diverse structural and functional aspects of cytochrome c in physiological and pathological responses. We summarize how posttranslational modifications of cytochrome c (e.g., phosphorylation, acetylation, tyrosine nitration, and oxidation), binding proteins (e.g., HIGD1A, CHCHD2, ITPR1, and nucleophosmin), and mutations (e.g., G41S, Y48H, and A51V) affect its function. Furthermore, we provide an overview of the latest advanced technologies utilized for detecting cytochrome c, along with potential therapeutic approaches related to this protein. These strategies hold tremendous promise in personalized health care, presenting opportunities for targeted interventions in a wide range of conditions, including neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.