ArticleHealth services research2024
Who do freestanding emergency departments treat? Comparing Texas hospitals to satellite and independent freestanding departments in 2021 and 2022.
Article in Health services research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Freestanding emergency department compliance with consumer protections: evidence from Texas.Health affairs scholar · 2026Article
- Medical Debt and Entry of Satellite Freestanding Emergency Departments.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Who do freestanding emergency departments treat? Comparing Texas hospitals to satellite and independent freestanding departments in 2021 and 2022.Health services research · 2024Article
- Hospital Closures Increase Emergency Care Travel Time: Rural-Urban Disparities.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financingArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe objective was to describe characteristics of emergency department visits to Texas satellite and independent freestanding emergency departments (FrEDs) relative to hospital emergency departments (EDs). DATA SOURCES AND STUDY
settingThe study used all 2021-2022 hospital and FrED discharges from the publicly available Texas Emergency Department Public Use Data Files (PUDF). STUDY
designWe conducted a descriptive analysis, comparing patient and visit characteristics at satellite and independent FrEDs and hospital EDs using chi-square tests. We characterized the top 20 diagnoses and procedures ranked by volume, treatment intensity, and potentially avoidable ED use. DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION
methodsDischarge data from 2021 to 2022 were combined for the analysis, and ED data at critical access hospitals were excluded. PRINCIPAL
findingsOur sample consisted of 21,605,421 ED visits, 76% occurring at hospitals, 12% at satellite FrEDs, and 12% at independent FrEDs. Compared with hospitals and satellite FrEDs, patients to independent FrEDs were younger, healthier, more likely covered by private insurance, and less likely to be identified as non-Hispanic Black or Hispanic. Visits at satellite and independent FrEDs were more likely to be of moderate and low intensity and potentially avoidable.
conclusionsOur results underscore the need to address potentially avoidable utilization of emergency services.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.