ArticleNPJ biofilms and microbiomes2024
Extracellular vesicles from vaginal Gardnerella vaginalis and Mobiluncus mulieris contain distinct proteomic cargo and induce inflammatory pathways.
Article in NPJ biofilms and microbiomes, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- The Impact of the Vaginal Microbiome and Microbial Metabolites on HIV Transmission at the Female Reproductive Tract Epithelial Barrier.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Dynamics of Extracellular Traps in Vaginal Dysbiosis Associated withInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Immunomodulatory and antimicrobial actions of extracellular vesicles in vaginal infections: implications for female infertility.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Microbiota-dependent interferon-λ controls immunity of the uterus and maternal-fetal interface.Research square · 2026Article
- Small Vesicles Big Impact: Exosomes in the Landscape of Women's Health.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Review
- Optimizing genetic engineering approaches for protein loading into bacterial extracellular vesicles for vaginal drug delivery.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026Article
- Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles: New Hype or Hope to Explain Reproductive Host-Microbiota Interactions.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Review
- A microphysiologic human cervical model recapitulates microbial, immune, and pathogenic properties of sexually transmitted infections.Science advances · 2026Article
- Underexplored maternal microbiomes: immune, metabolic, and microbial pathways shaping pregnancy outcomes.Infection and immunity · 2026Review
- Microbiota-dependent IFN-L controls uterine and placental immunity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Vaginal bacteria-derived extracellular vesicles diffuse through human cervicovaginal mucus to enable microbe-host signaling.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Unveiling the role of extracellular vesicles in HIV infection: molecular mechanisms, viral persistence, and therapeutic opportunities.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- Article
- Exploring the vaginal ecosystem: insights into host-microbe interactions and microbial community dynamics.Infection and immunity · 2025Review
- Mobiluncus mulieris alters the transcriptomic profile of cervicovaginal epithelial cells, shedding light on molecular drivers of adverse reproductive outcomes.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Article
- Harnessing microbial nanobiotics: Lactobacillus extracellular vesicles as next-generation therapeutics across physiological systems.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2025Review
- Harnessing Microbiome, Bacterial Extracellular Vesicle, and Artificial Intelligence for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Diagnosis and Management.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Cannabidiol (CBD) Acts as an Antioxidant onAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Effect Analysis of Extracellular Vesicles in the Treatment of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia via Different Drug Delivery and Administration Routes.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Colonization of the vaginal space with bacteria such as Gardnerella vaginalis and Mobiluncus mulieris is associated with increased risk for STIs, bacterial vaginosis, and preterm birth, while Lactobacillus crispatus is associated with optimal reproductive health. Although host-microbe interactions are hypothesized to contribute to reproductive health and disease, the bacterial mediators that are critical to this response remain unclear. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) are proposed to participate in host-microbe communication by providing protection of bacterial cargo, delivery to intracellular targets, and ultimately induction of immune responses from the host. We evaluated the proteome of bEVs produced in vitro from G. vaginalis, M. mulieris, and L. crispatus, identifying specific proteins of immunologic interest. We found that bEVs from each bacterial species internalize within cervical and vaginal epithelial cells, and that epithelial and immune cells express a multi-cytokine response when exposed to bEVs from G. vaginalis and M. mulieris but not L. crispatus. Further, we demonstrate that the inflammatory response induced by G. vaginalis and M. mulieris bEVs is TLR2-specific. Our results provide evidence that vaginal bacteria communicate with host cells through secreted bEVs, revealing a mechanism by which bacteria lead to adverse reproductive outcomes associated with inflammation. Elucidating host-microbe interactions in the cervicovaginal space will provide further insight into the mechanisms contributing to microbiome-mediated adverse outcomes and may reveal new therapeutic targets.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.